Baekpa Geungseon's Interpretation on Linji's Three Statements

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· 발행기관 : 동아시아불교문화학회
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· 저자명 : 전무규

초록

Baekpa Geungseon interpreted Linji's three statements inventively, which he tried to use as the criteria for analysing and classifying all the words and phrases from all the Seon schools, so as to systemize theories of Seon by assigning them among three categories, so-called samjong Seon 三種禪, three-fold Taxonomy of Seon.
In the Seonmun ojong gangyo sagi, Baekpa explains Linji's three statements with new concepts of neungnyang chinghyeong (能量秤衡, a scale for measuring) and soryang beopche (所量法體, the Dharma itself to be measured), suggesting absolutely new way to understand Linji's three statements. He argues that as though the third statement can't point to the Reality beyond all the phenomena, nevertheless there is no way to approach the Reality except the third statement. Therefore, Baekpa concludes, if we could understand that all the words and phrases from Buddha or Seon masters are of the third statements, and then penetrate the three essentials 三要 and three mysteries 三玄 in there, we would be making the best use of merits and ability of the third statement.
In the Seonmun sugyeong, Baekpa distinguishes three statements from one another based on hyangsang (向上, ultimate state) and hyangha (向下, actualization). To put it shortly, the first statement is the Patriarch Seon at which we attain the three essentials, where hyangsang and hyangha are integrated into one; the second statement is the Tathāgata Seon at which we attain the three mysteries, where only hyangsang is sought without hyangha; the third statement is the Principle Seon at which we only attain the three statements that have only hyangha without hyangsang. However, because the third statement is already furnished with the three essentials and mysteries, hyangha seems to include hyangsang in it already. Therefore, although all the words and phrases left by Buddha or Seon masters are the third statement of hyangha as long as they are language, if we could find the three mysteries and essentials hidden in it, the third statement of hyangha would be none other than hyangsang.

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