總動員體制期 朝鮮總督府의 ‘遊興業’ 抑制政策과 朝鮮의 接客業 變動 (‘Entertainment Business’ Control Policy of Governor-General and Change of Joseon Service Trade in the Times of Wartime Mobilization System)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한일민족문제학회
· 수록지 정보 : 韓日民族問題硏究 / 17호 / 191 ~ 228페이지
· 저자명 : 박정애

초록

接客業は総督府の私娼管理方針により, 性売買について黙認を受けながら盛業していたが, 総動員体制期に入って打撃を受けた. 日中戦争が全面戦争に拡大すると, 日本は1938年5月から朝鮮にも総動員体制を樹立し, 物的·人的資源の確保のための本格的な統制政策を始めた. 接客業は贅沢と享楽の性格が強い「遊興業」とみなされて統制政策の主要な標的となった.
総督府は接客業に対する営業統制と増税政策を通じて「遊興業」を抑制しようとした. 営業時間短縮の形で始まった営業統制は, 総動員体制の強化が進むにつれて営業許可の制限と建物使用の制限などその範囲が広がり, 強制性も強まった. そして接客業者の自発性を装っていた営業統制は, 1943年以後, 接客業者に対して強制的に全廃業をさせる段階にまで進んだ.
「遊興業」の抑制政策は遊興飲食税の新設とその増税を通じて実施された. 軍事費財源の拡充と「遊興業」の抑制を目的として1939年に新設された遊興飲食税は, 毎年増税を繰り返えし, 接客業を圧迫した.
「遊興業」の抑制政策により, 接客業の全廃業が続出する状況の中でも, 公娼は相対的に保護を受けていた. 総動員体制期には私娼を中心に展開されていた接客業が, 軍人たちの性売買の空間である公娼と産業戦士の慰安空間である「健全な接客業」に分化した. このような事実から帝国主義日本が戦争遂行に必要な接客業の有用性を「(軍人に対する)性の提供」と「(労務者に対する) 食べ物の提供」に求めていたと言える.

영어초록

The service trade done with connivance of the governor-general in its policy of the unlicensed prostitute management got a blow in the times of wartime mobilization system. Japan, provoking the China-Japan war and starting a war across the board, established the total mobilization system in Joseon from May, 1938 and started regular control policy to secure material/human resources. At that time, the service trade was a major target of the control policy by being regarded as ‘Entertainment Business’ with deep elements of luxury and enjoyment.
The governor-general strived to control ‘Entertainment Business’ through business control and tax increase policy of the service trade. The business control started from reduction of service time extended its scope to limitations of business license and building use, and had higher compulsion according to the total mobilization system was developed. The business control started by disguising voluntariness of owners who ran entertainment businesswas connected to compulsory closing of the business after 1943.
‘Entertainment Business’control policy through tax increase was carried out through new establishment of entertainment and food tax and its tax increase. To expand finances of military expenses and to control ‘Entertainment Business’, the entertainment and food tax newly established in 1939 pressed the service trade by increasing its tax increase every year.
In a situation that all the service trades were closed by ‘Entertainment Business’ control policy, the licensed prostitution was relatively protected. The service trade developed in the center of the unlicensed prostitute done with connivance was divided into the licensed prostitution which was a space of prostitution for soldiers and ‘Healthy service trade’ which was a comfort space of industrial soldiers in the times of wartime mobilization system. It means that Japan in imperialism found the utility of the service trade required to performing the war from ‘Sex service for soldiers’ and ‘Food service for industrial soldiers.’

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