아람어-그리스어 역본에 나타난 פֶּ֥סַח의 올바른 번역과 이해 — 출애굽기 12장을 중심으로 — (Proper Translation and Correct Understanding of פֶּ֥סַח in Aramaic-Greek Version: Focusing on Exodus 12)

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초록

The purpose of this article is to deal with the proper translation for the paschal sacrifice which had been translated as the ‘Passover’. The פֶּ֥סַח had been determined by the commend of Yahweh (Exo 12:21-28) and had been historized through the Exodus Event that Yahweh had saved the Israelites from the bondage of Egyptian Pharaoh. Thus the Israelites presented the פֶּ֥סַח sacrifice at the fixed time of every year in spring in remembrance of the salvation of Yahweh. What does the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח mean? There are two ways to suggest the meaning of פֶּ֥סַח. First of all, all of the ancient versions had been transliterated the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח into the Aramaic פסחא (TO, TN Exo 12:11; TPJ Exo 12:13), into the Septuagint pasca and into the Vulgata, ‘phase or pascha’. It suggests that the normal meaning of the translation was the harder than the transliteration. For the rendering of the meaning translation was not easy to define the meanings. Next it is proved that if it will be compared the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח with the translations of the five ancient versions: three targum: targum Onqelos, targum pseudo Jonathan, targum neofiti, the Septuagint: LXX and Vulgata, the meanings of translation of versions will be clearly known.
In the targum Onqelos the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח was translated into חוס (Exo 12:13, 23) or חיס(Exo 12:27) that means to protect, to shield or to defend. In the targum Pseudo Jonathan the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח was also translated into the חייס (Exo 12:11, 27), or חוס (Exo 12:13) which means to protect or to spare. In the targum Neofiti the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח was also translated into the Aramaic חוס (Exo 12:13, 23) or חס (Exo 12:27) which means to protect or to defend. In the Septuagint the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח was translated into the skepaso which means to protect or to spare, as well as transliteration pasca. Until now, the Hebrew word פֶּ֥סַח which had been rendered into ‘pass over’ did not appear.
before the Vulgata. But from the fourth century in AD in the Vulgata the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח began to translate as transibit, ‘pass over’ until now. So it is proved that the better meaning rather than to pass over is to protect or to shield in the paschal context. The פֶּ֥סַח sacrifice to Yahweh is the thanksgiving ritual to remember the grace of Yahweh God who had saved the Israelites from the bondage of Egypt (Exo 12:27). It is better that the פֶּ֥סַח is to be translated as the protection rather than Passover. Therefore we wish to call the Hebrew word ‘פֶּ֥סַח feast’ as a protective ritual rather than the Passover.

영어초록

The purpose of this article is to deal with the proper translation for the paschal sacrifice which had been translated as the ‘Passover’. The פֶּ֥סַח had been determined by the commend of Yahweh (Exo 12:21-28) and had been historized through the Exodus Event that Yahweh had saved the Israelites from the bondage of Egyptian Pharaoh. Thus the Israelites presented the פֶּ֥סַח sacrifice at the fixed time of every year in spring in remembrance of the salvation of Yahweh. What does the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח mean? There are two ways to suggest the meaning of פֶּ֥סַח. First of all, all of the ancient versions had been transliterated the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח into the Aramaic פסחא (TO, TN Exo 12:11; TPJ Exo 12:13), into the Septuagint pasca and into the Vulgata, ‘phase or pascha’. It suggests that the normal meaning of the translation was the harder than the transliteration. For the rendering of the meaning translation was not easy to define the meanings. Next it is proved that if it will be compared the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח with the translations of the five ancient versions: three targum: targum Onqelos, targum pseudo Jonathan, targum neofiti, the Septuagint: LXX and Vulgata, the meanings of translation of versions will be clearly known.
In the targum Onqelos the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח was translated into חוס (Exo 12:13, 23) or חיס(Exo 12:27) that means to protect, to shield or to defend. In the targum Pseudo Jonathan the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח was also translated into the חייס (Exo 12:11, 27), or חוס (Exo 12:13) which means to protect or to spare. In the targum Neofiti the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח was also translated into the Aramaic חוס (Exo 12:13, 23) or חס (Exo 12:27) which means to protect or to defend. In the Septuagint the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח was translated into the skepaso which means to protect or to spare, as well as transliteration pasca. Until now, the Hebrew word פֶּ֥סַח which had been rendered into ‘pass over’ did not appear.
before the Vulgata. But from the fourth century in AD in the Vulgata the Hebrew פֶּ֥סַח began to translate as transibit, ‘pass over’ until now. So it is proved that the better meaning rather than to pass over is to protect or to shield in the paschal context. The פֶּ֥סַח sacrifice to Yahweh is the thanksgiving ritual to remember the grace of Yahweh God who had saved the Israelites from the bondage of Egypt (Exo 12:27). It is better that the פֶּ֥סַח is to be translated as the protection rather than Passover. Therefore we wish to call the Hebrew word ‘פֶּ֥סַח feast’ as a protective ritual rather than the Passover.

참고자료

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