신약성경 그리스어 외래어 표기 방식에 대한 제안과 그 적용 ― 마태복음을 중심으로 ― (On Korean Transliteration of Transliterated Words in New Testament Greek and Its Application: Focused on the Gospel of Matthew)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : (재)대한성서공회 성경번역연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 성경원문연구 / 46호 / 151 ~ 170페이지
· 저자명 : 이상일

초록

There are many words from Hebrew, Aramaic, and Latin in the New Testament literature transliterated in Greek such as local proper nouns, personal proper nouns, and common nouns or phrases. This paper has a focus on Korean transliteration of the transliterated loanwords in Greek. To transliterate Greek into Korean, we should first decide on the sound values of the source language (Greek). I have already submitted two previous papers on the reconstructed sound values of consonants and vowels of the New Testament Greek through internal and comparative reconstruction methods. After reconsidering the reconstructed sound values, I suggested revision of some cases in this paper. As for the plosives of New Testament Greek, I especially advocated the ternary opposition structure rather than the binary one: b bilabial voiced plosive, d alveolar voiced plosive, g palatal voiced plosive, p bilabial unaspirated voiceless plosive, t alveolar unaspirated voiceless plosive, k palatal unaspirated voiceless plosive, f bilabial aspirated voiceless plosive, q alveolar aspirated voiceless plosive, and c palatal aspirated voiceless plosive.
Based on Korean transliteration principles announced officially by the National Institute of Korean Language, I carefully transliterated the reconstructed sound values of vowels and consonants of New Testament Greek into the Korean language. Taking a further step, I suggested that the binary opposition structure of the plosives of New Testament Greek should be replaced by the ternary one for the Greek loanword orthography.
Finally, I exemplified Korean transliteration of some transliterated words in the Gospel of Matthew, and presented that we need to take six points into consideration when transliterating Greek loanwords into Korean. First, we need to follow the pronunciation of the Old Testament in Hebrew rather than the transliteration of the New Testament in Greek in case of popular personal proper nouns and local proper nouns. Second, endings are to be deleted. Third, we do not need to make a distinction among short, long, and nested vowels except for their distinctiveness when transliterating them. Fourth, only ‘ㄱ’, ‘ㄴ’, ‘ㄹ’, ‘ㅁ’, ‘ㅂ’, and ‘ㅇ’ can be used as final consonants. Fifth, plosives should be transliterated from the perspective of the ternary opposition structure, it is admitted that we have to follow the Hebrew spelling. If the names are not popular, they could be gradually changed. Lastly, s can be transliterated using ‘ㅅ’ not with ‘ㅆ’.

영어초록

There are many words from Hebrew, Aramaic, and Latin in the New Testament literature transliterated in Greek such as local proper nouns, personal proper nouns, and common nouns or phrases. This paper has a focus on Korean transliteration of the transliterated loanwords in Greek. To transliterate Greek into Korean, we should first decide on the sound values of the source language (Greek). I have already submitted two previous papers on the reconstructed sound values of consonants and vowels of the New Testament Greek through internal and comparative reconstruction methods. After reconsidering the reconstructed sound values, I suggested revision of some cases in this paper. As for the plosives of New Testament Greek, I especially advocated the ternary opposition structure rather than the binary one: b bilabial voiced plosive, d alveolar voiced plosive, g palatal voiced plosive, p bilabial unaspirated voiceless plosive, t alveolar unaspirated voiceless plosive, k palatal unaspirated voiceless plosive, f bilabial aspirated voiceless plosive, q alveolar aspirated voiceless plosive, and c palatal aspirated voiceless plosive.
Based on Korean transliteration principles announced officially by the National Institute of Korean Language, I carefully transliterated the reconstructed sound values of vowels and consonants of New Testament Greek into the Korean language. Taking a further step, I suggested that the binary opposition structure of the plosives of New Testament Greek should be replaced by the ternary one for the Greek loanword orthography.
Finally, I exemplified Korean transliteration of some transliterated words in the Gospel of Matthew, and presented that we need to take six points into consideration when transliterating Greek loanwords into Korean. First, we need to follow the pronunciation of the Old Testament in Hebrew rather than the transliteration of the New Testament in Greek in case of popular personal proper nouns and local proper nouns. Second, endings are to be deleted. Third, we do not need to make a distinction among short, long, and nested vowels except for their distinctiveness when transliterating them. Fourth, only ‘ㄱ’, ‘ㄴ’, ‘ㄹ’, ‘ㅁ’, ‘ㅂ’, and ‘ㅇ’ can be used as final consonants. Fifth, plosives should be transliterated from the perspective of the ternary opposition structure, it is admitted that we have to follow the Hebrew spelling. If the names are not popular, they could be gradually changed. Lastly, s can be transliterated using ‘ㅅ’ not with ‘ㅆ’.

참고자료

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