칼뱅에 따른 성(性)문제들 - 간음과 음란, 매매춘, 성병, 동성애를 중심으로 (The Problems of Sexuality according to Calvin: Adultery, Lewdness, Prostitution, Venereal Disease and Homosexuality)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 장로회신학대학교 기독교사상과문화연구원
· 수록지 정보 : 장신논단 / 40호 / 233 ~ 257페이지
· 저자명 : 이오갑

초록

이 연구는 칼뱅(Jean Calvin)의 성 담론을, 간음과 음란, 매매춘, 성병, 동성애등의 주제들을 중심으로 살펴본다. 칼뱅은 성에 관해 설교 등에서 말을 할 때나 글을 쓸 때 강경한 언사들을 사용했다. 또한 성적 타락에 대한 철저한 경계심이나 청결의식을 보여주기도 했다. 그런 점에서 칼뱅은 성에 관해 어떤 혐오감이나 수치심, 또는 두려움 같은 것도 가지고 있지 않았는가? 그렇다면 칼뱅은, 프로이트(Sigmund Freud)가 설명한 히스테리는 아닌가? 그러나 칼뱅에게 성은 혐오되거나금지되는 것이 아니었다. 그에게서 성은 오히려 창조주 하나님의 선물들 중의 하나로 그것으로써 생육하고 번성하는 “필수”일 뿐만 아니라 “우리들의 쾌락과 기분전환”을 위해서 우리들에게 주어진 것이었다. 더 나가서 칼뱅은 성의 타락을 결혼의신성함과 가정의 소중함을 파괴하는 것으로 보았다. 그에게서 결혼은 하나님이 세운 제도로서, 사람들 사이의 계약뿐만 아니라 하나님과의 계약이기도 했다. 그런 관점은 칼뱅에게서 성은 “관계”의 문제, 즉 사람과 사람 사이의 관계, 사람과 하나님과의 관계의 문제였다는 것을 보여준다.

영어초록

This paper purposed to recherche Calvin’s idea of sexuality such adultery, lewdness,prostitution, venereal disease and homosexuality. Calvin leave many discourses concerning sexual problems in his writings which permit to understand the sexual conscience and attitude of a pastor and theologian representing an era.
When Calvin speaks or writes about the sexual problems, he uses the very strong and violent expressions. On the other hand he shows the wariness or certain purity against the sexual problems. In this point we can incline to say that he is not a hysteric.
Because the typical characters of being hysteric according to Freud are the repugnance,the sense of shame, the fear, or the repression in the name of morality about the sex.
Based on these characteristics, we can say Calvin isn’t he hysteric, furthermore the general attitude of Christianity on the sex that shares with Calvin do not show a kind of collective and cultural hysteric view. It is necessary to recherche more prudently and minutely about that. And also about the personality of Calvin, it is indispensable to analyze expertly the individualistic with much more the materials. Nevertheless I can not see Calvin hysteric, because he have never a derry either on sex itself, nor encourage even a time the ascetic or the celibacy. He denounces not the sex but its corruption and disorder. On the contrary Calvin regards sex as a don of God creator. That is considered not only as “necessity” to “have many children so that the descendants will live all over the earth” but also as our “pleasure” and “recreation”. Calvin treats the sexual problems in the frame work of Christian life. He proposes the purity, chastity and moderation when he treats the sexual disorder and corruption. It means that he maintains the total and integral perspective of the Christian life. Finally, he considers sexual problem as a cause of destruction of sacred marriage and of family. According to him, the marriage is not only an institution of men but also of God. So the sexual corruption destructs the relationship among men, and the relation between man and God. The destruction of relationships causes the many conflicts and discords. It is the destruction of the peace and the cause the misery of men. In this point Calvin considers the sex as social as well as spiritual problems. So I consider that he is never a hysteric even though a conventionalist who stresses the importance of marriage as preacher and theologian.

참고자료

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