崔致遠의 시를 통해 본 9세기 黃海航路 (The Yellow Sea Route of the 9th Century through Choi Chi Won’s Poetry)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국해양대학교 국제해양문제연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 해항도시문화교섭학 / 12호 / 203 ~ 236페이지
· 저자명 : 최낙민

초록

海雲崔致遠(857∼?)은 9세기 바닷길을 통한 羅唐간의 문화교류를대표하는 인물일 뿐만 아니라 한국 漢文學의 비조로 추앙받는 인물이다. 때문에 최치원에 대한 연구는 문학, 철학, 역사 등 다양한 방면에서 진행되어 많은 성과물을 내고 있다. 하지만 그의 행적을 해양실크로드와 연관시켜 진행한 연구는 그리 많지 않다. 다행히 최치원은 桂 苑筆耕集卷20에 수록한 七言絶句15수와 七言律詩15수가 884년 10 월 양주를 떠나 다음해 3월 신라의 왕도 경주에 도착하기까지 귀국길에 창작한 것임을 밝히고 있다.
본문에서는 최치원 선생의 桂苑筆耕集 뿐만 아니라 孤雲集 등에 수록된 작품 중, 귀국시기에 지어진 시를 분석하여 그가 이용한 황해항로를 살펴보고 시에 드러난 최치원의 심경을 살펴보았다. 먼저 황해항로의 西端揚州에서 중국 동해안에 이르는 大運河길을 통해 귀국을 즈음한 최치원의 복잡한 심경과 함께 강남지역의 사회상을 살펴보았다. 다음으로는 항해에 필요한 순풍을 기다리기 위해 한겨울을 바닷가에서 보냈던 최치원의 시를 통해 항해에 종사하는 사람들의 종교와 삶을 유추하였다. 마지막 장에서는 황해항로에 대해 고찰하고 慶州 의 모습을 통해 바닷길을 통한 문화교류의 양상을 살펴보았다. 이를통해 경제적인 측면이 강조된 남양해양실크로드와 달리 신라와 당을연결하는 황해해로의 특징은 문화교류에 있었음을 확인할 수 있었다.

영어초록

Choi Chi Won(857∼?), also known by his pen names as Haeun and Goun, is not only a person who represents the cultural exchange between the two dynasties, the Silla-Tang (羅唐) through the Sea Route in the ninth century, but also one of the most revered figures as the progenitor of Sino-Korean literature (漢文學) in Korea. For this reason, the studies on Choi Chi Won are being carried out and have achieved a number of products in various fields, such as literature, philosophy, and history. There is, however, only few works conducted on his deeds in connection with the Maritime Silk Road. Fortunately, Choi Chi Won expressed that the poems in his twenty-volume work, 桂苑筆耕集 Gyewon Pilgyeonjip : Plowing the Gassia Grove with a Writing Brush were composed during the return voyage from the time he left Yángzhōu (扬州) in October of the year 884 to the time he arrived at Gyeongju, the capital of the Silla Dynasty in March of the next year. Those poems are fifteen verses written in quatrain with seven chinese characters in each line (七言絶句) and the other fifteen poems which includes eight-line verse with seven-chinese characters each (七言律詩).
This thesis explores the Yellow Sea Route that Choi Chi Won made a voyage on and how his mind was expressed in his poems by analyzing his poetry written during the homecoming. The analysis includes 孤雲 集 The collection of Goun’s poetical work as well as 桂苑筆耕集 Gyewon Pilgyeonjip, in the body. At first, it aims to read Choi’s complicated emotions around the time when he returned back home through the Grand Canal on the Yellow Sea Route from the western end of Yángzhōu linking to the eastern coast of China. It also endeavors to dissect social aspects in the southern region of the Yangtze River.
Furthermore, religions and the lives of the people engaged in navigation will be analogized through Choi’s poetry which was composed on the seaside as he waited for a tailwind to continue his voyage. In the last chapter, the modality of the cultural exchange through the Maritime Silk Road is explored by contemplating the Yellow Sea Route and Gyeongju.
From this work, it is assured that the main characteristic of the Yellow Sea Route, connecting the Silla and Tang Dynasties, is the cultural exchange which is different from the South Sea-Maritime Silk Road in which economic aspects are emphasized.

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