고려·조선초 언양김씨 가문의 관계진출과 정치적 위상 (Eonyang Kim(彦陽 金) Family’s Bureaucracy Advancement and Political Status during Goryeo·Early Joseon Era)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국중세사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국중세사연구 / 30호 / 253 ~ 307페이지
· 저자명 : 김호동

초록

Eonyang Kim family during Goryeo dynasty had power and flowered the fame as a military family during military administration period and recorded 12 persons of Prime Minister or Minister－level person for 5 generations including 3 sons in law from Prime Minister Kim Chwi-ryeo, and the family finally not only became the royal family by marriage relations with King’s during King Chungryeol but also by listing the name as esteemed person at Royal Shrine. Moreover, the family was originally started from military power but advanced to bureaucratic society by governmental recruitment officer from Mr. Kim Byeon-dae, who became the responsible officer of governmental recruitment department namely Ji-gong-geo(知貢擧) to became the scholar and military family as well. Eonyang Kim family on the basis of this background, they could bond with honored family such as Haeju Choe family of the contemporary higher family by double marriage relations, Cheolwon Choe family·Gongam Huh family·Gyeongju Kim family·Cheonan Jeon family·Wonju Won family·Pyeongyang Jo family·Yeoheung Min family·Seongju Yee family etc. Eonyang Kim family could sustain strong political power by marriage relations with Royal family or esteemed families during Won Kingdom’s interruption as a ‘Descendant of Prime Minister Family(宰相之宗)’.
Though Eonyang Kim family during Won Kingdom’s interruption could keep political power as a ‘Descendant of Prime Minister Family(宰相之宗)’ but there was no proof the family did participate at some of political renovation movements during the era；to say, political renovation of King Shungseon, renovation trial of King Chungsuk, renovation movement during King Chungmok, and King Gongmin. As a result, Eonyang Kim family failed to sustain the honor during the late Goryeo Dynasty when the center of power moved from the conservative military family to new esteemed family and loosing pioneering persons of the changing society. The fact was definitely proved in the record of 『History of Goryeo Kingdom(高麗史)』 or 『Real History of Joseon Kingdom(朝鮮王朝實錄)』 which decreased number of the persons on the list after 4th generation of Kim Jeon by Eonyang Kim family. Sir Sung Hyeon(成俔) during King Sungjong of Joseon dynasty commented in 『Yongjae-chongseo(慵齋叢書)』 which described about representative esteemed family list of 15th century of 75 families did not include Eonyang Kim family. This is a proof of the devaluated fame as a political power of Eonyang Kim family during Joseon dynasty compared to Goryeo dynasty.
Kim Yang-gam and Kim Mun-yeon family among Eonyang Kim family dominated the military power in the offices. On the contrary, Kim Byeon and Kim Ryun family showed a scholastic inclination with literary talents. So as to evaluate the characteristics of Eonyang Kim family, we can conclude that Kim Byeon family achieved bureaucratic honor through governmental recruitment test relatively and showed a talent in literature by listing on Dong-ji-gong-geo(同知貢擧).

영어초록

Eonyang Kim family during Goryeo dynasty had power and flowered the fame as a military family during military administration period and recorded 12 persons of Prime Minister or Minister－level person for 5 generations including 3 sons in law from Prime Minister Kim Chwi-ryeo, and the family finally not only became the royal family by marriage relations with King’s during King Chungryeol but also by listing the name as esteemed person at Royal Shrine. Moreover, the family was originally started from military power but advanced to bureaucratic society by governmental recruitment officer from Mr. Kim Byeon-dae, who became the responsible officer of governmental recruitment department namely Ji-gong-geo(知貢擧) to became the scholar and military family as well. Eonyang Kim family on the basis of this background, they could bond with honored family such as Haeju Choe family of the contemporary higher family by double marriage relations, Cheolwon Choe family·Gongam Huh family·Gyeongju Kim family·Cheonan Jeon family·Wonju Won family·Pyeongyang Jo family·Yeoheung Min family·Seongju Yee family etc. Eonyang Kim family could sustain strong political power by marriage relations with Royal family or esteemed families during Won Kingdom’s interruption as a ‘Descendant of Prime Minister Family(宰相之宗)’.
Though Eonyang Kim family during Won Kingdom’s interruption could keep political power as a ‘Descendant of Prime Minister Family(宰相之宗)’ but there was no proof the family did participate at some of political renovation movements during the era；to say, political renovation of King Shungseon, renovation trial of King Chungsuk, renovation movement during King Chungmok, and King Gongmin. As a result, Eonyang Kim family failed to sustain the honor during the late Goryeo Dynasty when the center of power moved from the conservative military family to new esteemed family and loosing pioneering persons of the changing society. The fact was definitely proved in the record of 『History of Goryeo Kingdom(高麗史)』 or 『Real History of Joseon Kingdom(朝鮮王朝實錄)』 which decreased number of the persons on the list after 4th generation of Kim Jeon by Eonyang Kim family. Sir Sung Hyeon(成俔) during King Sungjong of Joseon dynasty commented in 『Yongjae-chongseo(慵齋叢書)』 which described about representative esteemed family list of 15th century of 75 families did not include Eonyang Kim family. This is a proof of the devaluated fame as a political power of Eonyang Kim family during Joseon dynasty compared to Goryeo dynasty.
Kim Yang-gam and Kim Mun-yeon family among Eonyang Kim family dominated the military power in the offices. On the contrary, Kim Byeon and Kim Ryun family showed a scholastic inclination with literary talents. So as to evaluate the characteristics of Eonyang Kim family, we can conclude that Kim Byeon family achieved bureaucratic honor through governmental recruitment test relatively and showed a talent in literature by listing on Dong-ji-gong-geo(同知貢擧).

참고자료

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