전쟁의 재구성: 기념관 속의 한국 전쟁 (Reconstruction of War: The Korean War in the War Memorial)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국근현대미술사학회(구 한국근대미술사학회)
· 수록지 정보 : 한국근현대미술사학(구 한국근대미술사학) / 21호 / 167 ~ 186페이지
· 저자명 : 안경화

초록

War memorial has the oldest tradition in the history of the monument. The Korean War memorials also have been produced by the political and social intentions of the central production. The memorials which usually exist as a single-entity structure such as memorial stone, memorial tower and memorial statue, are getting bigger in size as combining with a memorial hall or a memorial space. Opened in 1994, The War Memorial of Korea(WMK) in Yongsan is the largest war memorial in the world which contains about 9,000 artifacts. This study has initiated by the question about WMK, why there is the world’s largest war monument in South Korea, although the Korean War wasn’t the largest war in the world.
Acknowledging the fact that WMK actually stresses the education on anti-communism, like the established war memorials and monuments do, the way of display and the arrangement of data in WMK concentrate on the overcoming of national crisis and the origins or the responsibilities of the war. Because the subject who lead the establishment of WMK was the soldier, the galleries only recall the historical view of the army, navy and air forces. The oversized weapons of both indoor and outdoor complex simultaneously evoke the spectacle of war. Exempt the civilian’s standpoint, there are just remains of the soldier’s perspective about the war. The installations inside and outside of galleries also propose the lucid idea of national unity and anti-communism.
Before and after the establishment of WMK, the end of the Ideological confrontation around worldwide and the improvement of the relations between North and South Korea resulted on the multi layers of viewpoints about the Korean War. The establishment of the Peace Memorial Hall in Jeju April 3rd Peace Park(PMH) in 2008 was regarded as not only the solution but also as the alternative suggestion to release the existing problems of WMK. The displays of PMH approaches to bring the war remembered by the victims. However, the way of display in PMH is also biased by drawing a clear line between the victims and the victimizers of which the South Korean Labor Party versus the South Korean government, the U.S. and the police. It is contrarily similar with the way of WMK that only accentuates on the origins and the outburst of war. On the other hand, the new way of ‘art works’ in PMH which admits the viewer as a part of the display, beyond the unilateral delivery of the Ideology, indeed provide the sincere condolence and the crossover experiencing.
One of the tantalizing problems remained after the war is the alienation between the fact of war on itself and the representation of it. The Korean War represented in WMK is the reconstruction of war in terms of military science, and the Korean War represented in PMH, on the other hand, denotes the fact that the opposite viewpoint of the military science is not the only alternative way of seeing the war. For creating the monument based on more subjective data, it is necessary to establish the nongovernmental memorial hall separated from the central and local governments first. Also, the monumental space in relation to the specific local incidents should not limit the boundaries in the local history. It’s perspective should be widen toward the international political state to take over the macro viewpoint. We can start the genuine dialogue when the new memorial halls which satisfy above elements are formed to bring the memory of the Korean War and the Korea participating wars. It is to say that the hope-oriented monument halls shall be made by ourselves.

영어초록

War memorial has the oldest tradition in the history of the monument. The Korean War memorials also have been produced by the political and social intentions of the central production. The memorials which usually exist as a single-entity structure such as memorial stone, memorial tower and memorial statue, are getting bigger in size as combining with a memorial hall or a memorial space. Opened in 1994, The War Memorial of Korea(WMK) in Yongsan is the largest war memorial in the world which contains about 9,000 artifacts. This study has initiated by the question about WMK, why there is the world’s largest war monument in South Korea, although the Korean War wasn’t the largest war in the world.
Acknowledging the fact that WMK actually stresses the education on anti-communism, like the established war memorials and monuments do, the way of display and the arrangement of data in WMK concentrate on the overcoming of national crisis and the origins or the responsibilities of the war. Because the subject who lead the establishment of WMK was the soldier, the galleries only recall the historical view of the army, navy and air forces. The oversized weapons of both indoor and outdoor complex simultaneously evoke the spectacle of war. Exempt the civilian’s standpoint, there are just remains of the soldier’s perspective about the war. The installations inside and outside of galleries also propose the lucid idea of national unity and anti-communism.
Before and after the establishment of WMK, the end of the Ideological confrontation around worldwide and the improvement of the relations between North and South Korea resulted on the multi layers of viewpoints about the Korean War. The establishment of the Peace Memorial Hall in Jeju April 3rd Peace Park(PMH) in 2008 was regarded as not only the solution but also as the alternative suggestion to release the existing problems of WMK. The displays of PMH approaches to bring the war remembered by the victims. However, the way of display in PMH is also biased by drawing a clear line between the victims and the victimizers of which the South Korean Labor Party versus the South Korean government, the U.S. and the police. It is contrarily similar with the way of WMK that only accentuates on the origins and the outburst of war. On the other hand, the new way of ‘art works’ in PMH which admits the viewer as a part of the display, beyond the unilateral delivery of the Ideology, indeed provide the sincere condolence and the crossover experiencing.
One of the tantalizing problems remained after the war is the alienation between the fact of war on itself and the representation of it. The Korean War represented in WMK is the reconstruction of war in terms of military science, and the Korean War represented in PMH, on the other hand, denotes the fact that the opposite viewpoint of the military science is not the only alternative way of seeing the war. For creating the monument based on more subjective data, it is necessary to establish the nongovernmental memorial hall separated from the central and local governments first. Also, the monumental space in relation to the specific local incidents should not limit the boundaries in the local history. It’s perspective should be widen toward the international political state to take over the macro viewpoint. We can start the genuine dialogue when the new memorial halls which satisfy above elements are formed to bring the memory of the Korean War and the Korea participating wars. It is to say that the hope-oriented monument halls shall be made by ourselves.

참고자료

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