肅宗 45년, 국왕의 耆老所 입소 경위와 그 정치적 함의 - 세자(景宗) 代理聽政의 명분적 보강 - (Sukjong/肅宗's Entrance into the Chamber of Elders(耆老所), and the Political Meaning of that decision - Justifying the Crown-prince(Gyeongjong/景宗)'s Overseeing of the Governance -)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국외국어대학교(글로벌캠퍼스) 역사문화연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 역사문화연구 / 43호 / 3 ~ 54페이지
· 저자명 : 윤정

초록

본 논문은 숙종 45년, 국왕의 耆老所 入所의 정치적 의미를 세자의 대리청정과 연계하여 분석한 것이다. 국왕의 耆老所 입소는 태조 이후 처음으로 환갑에 이른 국왕이 태조의 기로소 입소 고사를 재현한다는 명분 아래 이루어진 것이었다. 하지만 이 행사의 명분이 된 태조의 고사는 선조대 기로소의 중건으로 생성된 신뢰성이 없는 사적이었다. 논란에도 불구하고 기로소 입소가 시행된 것은 전년에 시행된 세자의 대리청정과 밀접히 관련되어 있었기 때문이다.
경종의 대리청정은 ‘丁酉獨對’ 이후 노론 대신들의 동의에 따라 전격적으로 단행되었는데, 이러한 과정은 대립하고 있던 少論 및 결정 과정에서 소외된 신료들 일반의 강한 비판을 초래하였다. 이에 숙종은 기로소 입소의 의례를 통하여 자신과 태조를 동일화함으로써 정계의 비판적 기류를 완화하고자 한 것이다. 즉 태조의 후계자인 숙종 자신과 일찍이 태조를 현창하는 데 앞장섰던 宋時烈의 권위를 재확인하고, 효종과 송시열의 ‘己酉獨對’ 고사를 부각시킴으로써 독대를 매개로 이루어진 숙종의 정국운영을 합리화하기 위한 것이었다.

영어초록

Examined in this article, is the political meaning of King Sukjong's entrance into the Chamber of Elders("Gi'ro-so, 耆老所") in the 45th year of his reign, and how Sukjong's decision was related to the Crown-prince's overtaking of Joseon's general governing. Sukjong was the first to enter the Chamber of Elders ever since the Founder King Taejo's days.
Sukjong reached the age of 60, and decided to enter the chamber to recreate the historical occasion and commemorate Taejo's own entrance into the chamber. Yet the belief that Taejo himself had once entered the chamber was never based upon verifiable facts. The Chamber of Elders was reconstructed during King Seonjo/世宗's reign, and the story of Taejo/太祖 entering the chamber seems to have generated at that time. So, there was a controversy regarding Sukjong's decision to relive that supposed moment. Yet Sukjong entered the Chamber nonetheless, because his decision was closely tied to the Crown-prince's takeover of general governing of the dynasty, which commenced a year ago.
After the 'Private talk of the Jeong'yu year'(丁酉獨對), senior officials of the No'ron/老論 faction agreed to Gyeongjong's overseeing of the general governance in King Yeongjo's stead. Yet officials from the So'ron/少論 faction, as well as many others who were shut out from the decision making process, strongly criticized it. King Sukjong wanted to mitigate such criticism by entering the Chamber of Elders, and presenting himself as the same figure as the Founder king Taejo, throughout the entrance ceremony. He was the distant successor of the Founder king, and Song Shi-yeol/宋時烈, the most powerful being in the government at the time, was the person who led the task of commemorating Founder Taejo. Sukjong's actions were intended to have Song Shi-yeol's authority, and the authority of himself as well, duly recognized once again. He also wanted to justify his own past governing, which had been based upon private talks, by propagating the 'Private talks of the Gi'yu-year'(己酉獨對), which had been exchanged between Song Shi-yeol and former king Hyojong/孝宗.

참고자료

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