The Polysemy of the Death of Jesus in the Gospel of John

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초록

While scholars contribute to an understanding of various aspects of the death of Jesus in the Gospel of John, their consideration is limited to some aspects. On one hand, many have been preoccupied by one of the typical dichotomies in understanding the death of Jesus in the Fourth Gospel: theology of glory (glorification) or theology of cross (sacrifice). In a sense, they have failed to take all aspects of the death of Jesus in the Fourth Gospel into account, not giving proper weight to them as they appear in the Gospel. This study attempts to fill the gap by addressing the many aspects of the death of Jesus in the Fourth Gospel which have been relatively neglected by scholars. The death of Jesus in the Fourth Gospel has multiple layers of meaning. The death of Jesus in the Fourth Gospel is a revelation of glory of Jesus and his sacrifice for others and it is also an act of love for friends, and an example of service in community. The death of Jesus entails renewal of the temple and judgment of the world, and is the prerequisite for the coming of the Holy Spirit and the bearing of fruit. While it results from conflict with Jewish leaders, it also flows from God’s will and Jesus’ obedience and is the fulfillment of the Scripture. It represents the completion of Jesus’ mission and his return to the Father. One helpful comparison is to music, because the meaning of the death of Jesus in the Fourth Gospel is like the sound of an orchestra in which various tones and notes are played in harmony. All the contributing sounds should be heard more in harmony, rather than exaggerating some while neglecting others. All the sounds contribute to the presentation of the meaning of the death of Jesus, which is the beautiful and impressive story that comes out of God’s love for the world.

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