고려전기 내사문하성(內史門下省)체제 하의 재신(宰臣) (Jasin(宰臣) under the Naesa-Munha-Seong(內史門下省) in the early Goryeo)

서지정보

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초록

The three department-six ministry system was the main central government organization in the Goryeo dynasty. Three departments were the Secretariat(中書省) for drafting policy, the Chancellory(門下省) for reviewing policy, and the Executive(尙書省) for implementing policy. However, in Goryeo it seems two departments, the Secretariat-Chancellory(中書門下省) and the Executive.
The Naesa-Munha-Seong installed by the King Sungjong was the previous name of the Secretariat-Chancellory. It existed for about 80 years until the times of King Moonjong, who revised the name into the Sacretariat-Chancellory, so we can guess there are differences between two organizations. Meantime, researchers have mainly focused on the Secretariat-Chancellory, so we can not know about the Naesa-munha -Seong. Therefore, I would like to focus on the establishment of the Naesa-munha-sung, and Jasin(policy-making officers, chancellors) under the departments.
Frist of all, King Sungjong adopted the system of three departments of the Tang dynasty in China instead of the former central government organizations. Since the Tang dynasty destroyed, many countries such as Five Dynasties and Ten Countries(五代十國) and the Song dynasty had adopted the three department-six ministry system of the Tang dynasty to express themselves as successors of the Tang dynasty. Under the circumstance, Sungjong seemed as much confidence as he adopted the system like many countries in China. In addition, under the three department system chancellors had to agree together before making decision, so Sungjong accepted the system for the strong right of king and his subjets thought it as a device to prohibit a unilateral man of power. Therefore, Goryeo was equipped with the three department system for the ruling organization.
Second, chancellors under the Naesa-Munha-S대ng during the reign of King Sungjong differed from ones under Secretariat-Chancellory. The members of the positions of chancellors are not Munhasijung(門下侍中), Pyungjangsa(平章事), Chamjijungsa(參知政事), Jungdangmunhak(政堂文學), Jimunhasungsa(知門下省事), but Naesaryung(內史令), Munhasijung, Pyungjangsa, Chamjijungsa. In those days Naesaryung was an actual position as the first rank among the chancellors
Finally, after the regime of King Sungjong the positions and numbers of the chancellors changed through King Mokjong and King Hyunjong. Naesaryong became an honorary appointment, then Munhasijung was the supreme chancellor. Meanwhile, a new chancellor's position called Jungdangmunhak was appointed, but nominees for the post existed irregularly. Especially Chamjijunsa or additional posts which played roles of chancellors with holding Chamjijungsa increased, so the numbers of chancellors became more than before.
In conclusion, Naesa-munha-seong was the previous name of Secretariat- Chancellory, but the members of chancellors seem different under the urcumstamces It lasted for about 80 years, and gradually changed. Therefore, the Naesa-Munha-Sung seems to have the character of the transitional stage before the Secretariat-Chancellory.

영어초록

The three department-six ministry system was the main central government organization in the Goryeo dynasty. Three departments were the Secretariat(中書省) for drafting policy, the Chancellory(門下省) for reviewing policy, and the Executive(尙書省) for implementing policy. However, in Goryeo it seems two departments, the Secretariat-Chancellory(中書門下省) and the Executive.
The Naesa-Munha-Seong installed by the King Sungjong was the previous name of the Secretariat-Chancellory. It existed for about 80 years until the times of King Moonjong, who revised the name into the Sacretariat-Chancellory, so we can guess there are differences between two organizations. Meantime, researchers have mainly focused on the Secretariat-Chancellory, so we can not know about the Naesa-munha -Seong. Therefore, I would like to focus on the establishment of the Naesa-munha-sung, and Jasin(policy-making officers, chancellors) under the departments.
Frist of all, King Sungjong adopted the system of three departments of the Tang dynasty in China instead of the former central government organizations. Since the Tang dynasty destroyed, many countries such as Five Dynasties and Ten Countries(五代十國) and the Song dynasty had adopted the three department-six ministry system of the Tang dynasty to express themselves as successors of the Tang dynasty. Under the circumstance, Sungjong seemed as much confidence as he adopted the system like many countries in China. In addition, under the three department system chancellors had to agree together before making decision, so Sungjong accepted the system for the strong right of king and his subjets thought it as a device to prohibit a unilateral man of power. Therefore, Goryeo was equipped with the three department system for the ruling organization.
Second, chancellors under the Naesa-Munha-S대ng during the reign of King Sungjong differed from ones under Secretariat-Chancellory. The members of the positions of chancellors are not Munhasijung(門下侍中), Pyungjangsa(平章事), Chamjijungsa(參知政事), Jungdangmunhak(政堂文學), Jimunhasungsa(知門下省事), but Naesaryung(內史令), Munhasijung, Pyungjangsa, Chamjijungsa. In those days Naesaryung was an actual position as the first rank among the chancellors
Finally, after the regime of King Sungjong the positions and numbers of the chancellors changed through King Mokjong and King Hyunjong. Naesaryong became an honorary appointment, then Munhasijung was the supreme chancellor. Meanwhile, a new chancellor's position called Jungdangmunhak was appointed, but nominees for the post existed irregularly. Especially Chamjijunsa or additional posts which played roles of chancellors with holding Chamjijungsa increased, so the numbers of chancellors became more than before.
In conclusion, Naesa-munha-seong was the previous name of Secretariat- Chancellory, but the members of chancellors seem different under the urcumstamces It lasted for about 80 years, and gradually changed. Therefore, the Naesa-Munha-Sung seems to have the character of the transitional stage before the Secretariat-Chancellory.

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