後石 吳駿善의 학문과 강학 활동 (A study on the scholarship and teaching activities of Hooseok Oh Jun-seon)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 동양고전학회
· 수록지 정보 : 동양고전연구 / 98호 / 125 ~ 163페이지
· 저자명 : 박학래

초록

奇正鎭(1798~1879)의 蘆沙學派가 근현대 호남 유학의 대표적인 문인 집단으로 부상할 수 있었던 배경 중 하나는 강학 활동을 통해 많은 문인을 배출하며 학문적 영향력을 확대 강화하였기 때문이다. 40대 이후 본격화하는 기정진의 강학 활동은 6백여 명에 달하는 직전 제자의 배출로 이어졌고, 직전 제자를 비롯한 노사학파 문인들도 호남 전 지역은 물론, 영남 지역에서 다수의 문인을 배출하며 학파의 지속과 외연 확대를 이루었다.
본고에서 고찰하는 後石 吳駿善(1851~1931)은 직전 제자 가운데 폭넓은 강학 활동을 통해 다수의 문인을 배출한 대표적인 기정진의 직전 제자 중 한 사람이다. 그는 동문수학인 연상의 族姪인 吳繼洙와 함께 기정진의 문하에 입문하여 길지 않은 기간 동안 受學하였다. 그리고 기정진 사후에 奇宇萬을 비롯한 주요 동문과 교유하며 다양한 학문 활동을 펼쳤으며, 강학 활동을 통해 나주와 광주 지역을 중심으로 수다한 문인을 배출하였다. 특히 그는 庚戌國恥 이후 일제의 은사금을 단호하게 거절하여 고초를 당한 이후에 義兵傳을 저술하는 등 절의적 면모를 부각하였다.
본고에서는 오준선의 폭넓은 학문 활동에 유의하여 그의 학문과 강학 활동을 살펴보고자 하였다. 오준선의 학문은 기정진으로부터 비롯된 학문적 입장 이외에 나주 지역에 뿌리내린 그의 가학 전통과 폭넓은 학문 수수 활동을 기반으로 이루어졌다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 점에 주목하여 그의 학문 형성을 가학 및 기정진으로부터의 학문 수수를 중심으로 검토하고, 이를 기반으로 그의 성리학적 입장을 정리하고자 하였다. 그리고 중년 이후 본격적으로 펼쳐진 다양한 학문 활동을 절의적 측면에 주목하여 정리하여 그의 학자적 면모와 위상을 확인하고자 하였다. 아울러 그가 전개한 강학 활동을 정리하고, 그의 문하에서 배출된 문인의 규모와 체계, 그리고 문인들의 활동 등을 확인하여 이제까지 불충분하게 검토된 나주와 광주 지역을 중심으로 펼쳐진 노사학파 문인들의 활동 양상을 일부나마 제시하였다.

영어초록

One of the reasons why Ki Jeong-jin(奇正鎭, 1798~1879)’s Nosa School(蘆沙學派) was able to emerge as a representative group of scholars in modern and contemporary Honam(湖南) Confucianism was because they expanded and strengthened their academic influence by producing many scholars through their lecture activities. Ki Jeong-jin’s lecture activities, which began in earnest after his 40s, led to the production of over 600 direct disciples, and the scholars of the Nosa School, including his direct disciples, also inherited the tradition of lectures and produced many scholars, producing many scholars not only in the Honam region but also in the Yeongnam(嶺南) region, achieving the continuation and expansion of the school.
Based on the teaching tradition established within the school, the immediate disciples had already been teaching while Ki Jeong-jin was alive, and after Ki Jeong-jin’s death, they resumed their teaching activities in earnest, producing many scholars. In this paper, I examine Hooseok(後石) Oh Jun-seon(吳駿善, 1851-1931), who is a representative immediate disciple of Ki Jeong-jin who produced many scholars through his extensive teaching activities. He entered Ki Jeong-jin’s school together with his older cousin Oh Gye-su(吳繼洙), who was also a fellow disciple, at a young age, and studied under him for a short period of time. However, after Ki Jeong-jin’s death, he engaged in various academic activities while associating with major disciples including Ki U-man(奇宇萬), and through his continuous teaching activities, he produced many scholars, mainly in the Naju(羅州) and Gwangju(光州) regions, exerting no small influence on the continuation and expansion of the Nosa School. In particular, after the national humiliation of Gyeongsul(庚戌), he firmly refused the Japanese imperialist aid and suffered hardships. He then wrote the story of a righteous soldier and displayed his chastity through various activities.
In this paper, I have attempted to examine Oh Jun-seon’s academic and teaching activities by referring to previous studies on him and paying attention to his diverse and wide-ranging academic activities. Oh Jun-seon’s academics can be said to have been based on the academic position derived from Ki Jeong-jin, as well as the Academic tradition of Family that took root in the Naju region and extensive academic activities linked to the Yulgok(栗谷) school of thought. With this in mind, I attempted to examine his academic formation centered on his acquisition of learning from the Academic tradition of Family and Ki jeong-jin, and to organize his position as a Neo-Confucian scholar based on this. In addition, I have attempted to organize his various academic activities that began in earnest after middle age by focusing on the aspect of discipline in order to confirm his scholarly aspect and status. In particular, I have organized his teaching activities and confirmed the scale and system of the scholars who came from his school, as well as the activities of the scholars, and have presented some aspects of the activities of the Nosa School scholars centered on the Naju and Gwangju regions that have been insufficiently examined so far.

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