石洲 權韠 硏究 (A Study on Seokjoo Gwon Pil)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 국립순천대학교 남도문화연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 남도문화연구 / 25호 / 169 ~ 194페이지
· 저자명 : 권순열

초록

권필은 명문가의 후예로 평소 보람과 긍지를 가졌다. 그도 처음에는 선비로서의 이상을 실현하기 위해 과거 시험에 응했다. 그때 초시와 복시에서 두 번이나 장원을 했다. 하지만 한 글자를 잘못 쓴 결과 낙방하게 되고, 선비로서의 꿈도 사라지고 수많은 시련을 겪어야 했다. 권필이 평탄치 않은 삶을 살게 된 것은 그의 倜儻不羈의 성품과도 많은 연관이 있다. 이런 성품의 형성은 그의 부친이 드리운 어두운 그림권필은 여러 면에서 호남과 밀접한 연관을 가지고 있었다. 그가 외로울 때 찾았던 곳이 호남이었고, 국가가 위기에 처해 있을 때 함께 했던 동지들이 호남인이었다. 장성에서 의병을 일으킨 윤진이 그의 매부였고, 담양의 고사 송제민은 그의 장인이었다. 호남 체험 중 그를 견딜 수 없게 만든 것은 충장공 김덕령 장군의 억울한 죽음이었다. 그래서 권필은 김덕령의 원혼을 위로하기 위해 목숨을 걸고 <醉時歌>라는 시를 지었다. 하지만 필화 사건이 염려되어 그대로 발표하지 못하고 김덕령의 작품으로 시 제목 속에 숨겨 놓을 수밖에 없었다.
조선 사회는 전란이라는 혹독한 대가를 치르고도 크게 달라진 것이 없었다. 그래서 현실에 대한 분노와 저항은 이미 극에 달해 폭발 직전이었다. 이때 임숙영이 과거 시험에서 이러한 현실을 고발했다. 하지만 광해군의 진노만 사고 과거에서 출방당하고 말았다. 이 사건은 조야의 공분을 샀고, 급기야 권필의 분노를 폭발시키고 말았다. 권필이 이 사건을 풍자해 시를 지었는데 일명 <宮柳詩>라고 한다. 이 시로 인해 권필은 광해군의 혹독한 친국을 당했다. 당시 많은 관리들이 간곡한 청원을 했지만 광해군의 닫힌 귀를 열게 할 수는 없었다. 결국 유배형을 받고 나오다 동대문 밖에서 비운의 생을 마감했다.
권필을 조선조 최고의 시인이라고 하는 것은 그의 시가 이룩한 시의 수준과 아름다움 때문만은 아니다. 그의 시에 대한 열정과 시대정신 때문이라고 할 수 있다. 다시 말하면 권필이 시대의 문제에는 정면으로 맞섰고, 시대의 아픔에는 그 고통을 함께 했기 때문이다. 권필은 목숨을 걸고 쓴 <醉時歌>와 <宮柳詩>로 조선 5백년에 드리운 어둠을 물리치고 그의 시대와 역사를 찬란한 무지갯빛으로 장식했다.

영어초록

Gwon Pil was born in a prestigious family. He applied to take the national examination to realize the ideal as a scholar and won first place in the first and second examinations. However, as a result of writing a wrong character, he failed in the final examination. Then he lost his dream as a scholar and went through a number of hardships. The difficulties he had were related with his noble spirit. They were partly affected by his father's dark shadow.
Gwon Pil who threw away his lingering attachment to official rank pursued the life of a free spirit. However, his real situation was not easy. His pursuit of freedom was confined to having the least excitement and pleasure. As such he was occupied with writing poetry. In particular, while his poetry writing style was inherited from Shin Gwang-Han and his father Seupjae, he achieved great success by being preoccupied with the poetry by Tu Fu. He attempted to deliver his clothing and wooden rice bowl to Song Hee-Gap, but he could not.
He longed for controling others after he had trained himself, but he gave this up. Instead, he contributed to his country through writing. When a ambassador came from the Ming Dynasty to Joseon, he joined in as an official. The ambassador named Go Chon-Joon, tricked a receptionist of Joseon into a trap using a verse made up of the Five Elements. Gwon Pil, knowing that it was a trap, showed that Joseon had a great poet who could use his wits.
He was related with the Honam Province in many ways. He visited here when he was lonely and it was the Honam people with whom he struggled during a national crisis. Yoon Jon who raised an army in the name of justice was his sister's husband and Song Jae-Min who was an officer of Tamyang was his father-in-law. It was Chungjanggong Kim Duk-Ryong's unfair death that he could not stand at all in Honam. He wrote a poem titled 「Chishiga」 at the risk of his life to console the revengeful spirit of Kim Duk-Ryong. However, it was not published due to the fear of it being considered as causing a social problem and was forced to be hidden under the title of poetry written by Kim Duk-Ryong.
Although Joseon society faced the harsh costs of war, there was little that could be changed. So the peoples' anger and resistance were barely explosive. At this time, Im Sook-Young spoke out about this reality, which caused Gwanghaegun to be angry and he was deprived of an opportunity to take the national examination. Finally, this event caused the government and the people be indignant. Gwon Pil parodied the situation and wrote a poem titled 「Gungryusi」. However, he was severely tortured by Gwanghaegun because of the poem. Although many people petitioned to save him, Gwanghaegun did not forgive him. Eventually, it was decided he would be exiled, but he passed away outside the Dongdaemun.
He faced reality daringly and did not avoid the suffering of the time. So, it seems that he was ranked as the best poet of the Joseon period. With 「Chishiga」 and 「Gungryusi」, he defeated the dark shadow covering Joseon society and decorated the history of the time with a splendid rainbow.

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