오키나와 출토의 고려 기와와 삼별초 (Goryeo Tiles Excavated in Okinawa and Sambyeolcho)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국사연구회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국사연구 / 147호 / 159 ~ 197페이지
· 저자명 : 윤용혁

초록

This paper examines the possible relations of the Goryeo tiles excavated in the Urasoe castle in Okinawa to Goryeo Sambyeolcho (三別抄: Three special military units). The Goryeo tiles excavated in Okinawa are inscribed with the phrase, "made in Gyeyu year by a Goryeo artisan" and have received ample attention since the discovery. The problem is that which Gyeyu year that it means. Whether it is 1273 or 1393 or even some other year of the different period is unclear. The argument that this paper proposes is the following.

1) Given the political characteristics of Sambyeolcho, it is quite likely that they may have attempted an extremely desperate flee upon their defeat and the possibility is high that some of them may have landed on the Japanese Islands or Okinawa. The paper analyzes this possibility based on the condition of the ocean streams and their oceanic technique obtained from many sources from the Chosun period.

2) The paper pays attention to the fact that the tiles did not adopt the reign name of Ming or Yuan dynasties when they inscribe the year of Gyeyu. Sambyeolcho also only wrote simply the year based on the sexagenary cycle in their diplomatic documents to Japan, which is in line with the date inscription pattern on the tiles.

3) The 1393 hypothesis is based on the possibility that there was an emigration of exile artisans upon the founding of the new dynasty of Chosun but the paper points out that it is highly unlikely. Since the founding of Chosun in 1392 was not an event that may cause such emergence of exiles or the mass emigration.

4) It draws attention to the fact that there are also lotus flower pattern tiles from the Urasoe castle which are very similar with those that were discovered in the Yongjang castle in Jindo. The paper only points out that among the lotus flower pattern tiles discovered in Jindo, the B-type is more similar with that of Okinawa than the A-type is.

Based on these points, the paper concludes that the Goryeo tiles from Okinawa were made in 1273 and the technique was transmitted by Sambyeolcho.

영어초록

This paper examines the possible relations of the Goryeo tiles excavated in the Urasoe castle in Okinawa to Goryeo Sambyeolcho (三別抄: Three special military units). The Goryeo tiles excavated in Okinawa are inscribed with the phrase, "made in Gyeyu year by a Goryeo artisan" and have received ample attention since the discovery. The problem is that which Gyeyu year that it means. Whether it is 1273 or 1393 or even some other year of the different period is unclear. The argument that this paper proposes is the following.

1) Given the political characteristics of Sambyeolcho, it is quite likely that they may have attempted an extremely desperate flee upon their defeat and the possibility is high that some of them may have landed on the Japanese Islands or Okinawa. The paper analyzes this possibility based on the condition of the ocean streams and their oceanic technique obtained from many sources from the Chosun period.

2) The paper pays attention to the fact that the tiles did not adopt the reign name of Ming or Yuan dynasties when they inscribe the year of Gyeyu. Sambyeolcho also only wrote simply the year based on the sexagenary cycle in their diplomatic documents to Japan, which is in line with the date inscription pattern on the tiles.

3) The 1393 hypothesis is based on the possibility that there was an emigration of exile artisans upon the founding of the new dynasty of Chosun but the paper points out that it is highly unlikely. Since the founding of Chosun in 1392 was not an event that may cause such emergence of exiles or the mass emigration.

4) It draws attention to the fact that there are also lotus flower pattern tiles from the Urasoe castle which are very similar with those that were discovered in the Yongjang castle in Jindo. The paper only points out that among the lotus flower pattern tiles discovered in Jindo, the B-type is more similar with that of Okinawa than the A-type is.

Based on these points, the paper concludes that the Goryeo tiles from Okinawa were made in 1273 and the technique was transmitted by Sambyeolcho.

참고자료

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