조선의 回回曆法 도입과 『칠정산외편』 (Joseon's Acquisition of the Islamic Calendar System and Chiljeongsan Oepyon)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국고전번역원
· 수록지 정보 : 민족문화 / 45권 / 127 ~ 160페이지
· 저자명 : 한영호

초록

明初에 漢譯된 『회회력법』은 역원이 잘못 지정되었을 뿐 아니라 도입부의 추보법이 제대로 갖춰지지 못한 미완의 역법이었다. 이런 서역 역법이 조선에 들어와 온전하게 수정되었고, 마침내 『칠정산』의 一翼인 외편법으로 제정되었다.
이 글에서는 불완전한 明의 서역 역법서를 입수한 조선의 李純之와 金淡이 『칠정산외편』을 완성시키기까지 이뤄내어야 했던 潤正과 보완의 구체적인 면모가 무엇인지를 살펴보았다. 즉, 明의 회회 역법서에는 없던 太陰曆 적년월일 산정식을 세우고, 七政 행도의 기준치를 교정함으로써 역원 이동에 따른 오류를 제거하였으며, 이로써 중국판 서역 역법인 『칠정산외편』으로, 중국 역법을 수용한 『칠정산내편』보다 전반적으로 더 정밀하게 한양의 교식을 추보하게 된 과정을 자세히 추적하였다.

영어초록

A set of books on the Islamic calendar system was translated into Chinese during the reign of the first Ming emperor, and published under the title of Huihui lifa (回回曆法). However, the Chinese version of the Islamic system contained numerous errors and omissions in the beginning stages of astronomical calculations. Nevertheless, Joseon’s astronomers Yi Soonji and Kim Dam were successful in overcoming the mistakes included in Huihui lifa. Corrections and additions were made to bring the incomplete Chinese-Islamic system to a fully-equipped Korean version, entitled Chiljeongsan oepyon (七政算外篇).
In this paper, aspects of the revisions of Huihui lifa carried out by King Sejong’s astronomers were investigated in detail. Explanations in depth were given to the procedures how the omitted expression for the time interval in the Islamic lunar calendar between a given day and the new epoch was supplemented and how the initial errors in position calculations of the heavenly bodies (due to the erroneously defined epoch) were corrected. The role of Yuan Tong’s Weidu taiyang tongjing (緯度太陽通徑) during the Korean modification on Huihui lifa was also surveyed.
By comparing recent numerical analyses by other researchers, the reason why the eclipse predictions for Seoul by Chinese-Islamic Chiljeongsan oepyon had been better, in general, than that by Chinese-traditional Chiljeongsan naepyon (七政算內篇) was pursued too.

참고자료

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