체홉의 자연묘사: 비(雨)의 모티브를 중심으로 (Chekhov’s Description of Nature: Focusing on ‘Rain’ Motives in the Stories of the 1880s)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국슬라브․유라시아학회
· 수록지 정보 : 슬라브학보 / 31권 / 1호 / 1 ~ 28페이지
· 저자명 : 계동준

초록

This article deals with Chekhov’s description of nature focusing on rain motives in 1880’s works. The objects of analysis are five short stories written from 1883 to 1888. Beginning from ⌜He Understood⌟, Chekhov uses the rain and other natural details not only for the atmosphere but for the theme and characterization of the story. The description of cloudy landscapes in the beginning of ⌜He Understood⌟ foretells the physical and the psychological state of Pavel who came to be caught in illegal shooting in Volchkov’s land. Other natural details such as flies and the wasp reflect Pavel’s distressed frame of mind. The change of nature parallels the development of the plot. At the end, when Pavel was freed with the wasp, raindrops fall. Chekhov’s shows perfect harmony and communication between the man and the nature in the story.
The first half of ⌜The Story of Lady NN⌟ fits into the communication theme with a rain motive. One summer evening with rain succeeds in evoking love between two characters in the story. Here rain plays a vital role in communicating one’s feeling of love to the other. However, this love fails as the two return to the city away from the nature. In contrast to these two stories, ⌜The Name-Day Party⌟ shows the tragic lack of communications between husband and wife. This work is a definite evolution from ⌜He Understood⌟ in using the rain motive for examining character’s internal state of mind. Chekhov creates irony here with same motive. With Olga’s miscarriages at the ending, the rain symbolizes not life but death. Lies and hypocracy in civilized society block the real communication between humans while the change to sunny day after the rain in the story suggests the harmonious circulation of nature.
The rest two stories tell the theme of ‘betrayal’. In ⌜Autumn⌟ appears the wretched former landowner begging for a shot of vodka in tavern on the stormy night of autumn. Betrayed by a lover and a relative, he lost love and money. The unexpected calamity in one’s life can be compared to the storm. ⌜The bad weather⌟ shows two types of characters. One is who obeys the nature with belief and the other is who exploits it. The latter deceives the former using rainy days for his extramarital affair.
In conclusion, Chekhov uses the rain motives and other natural details for mood, theme, and the characterization. Each different human situation creates varied meanings of rain motive in Chekhov’s stories. However, it is too early to make a generalization of the rain motives in Chekhov’s poetics because there are quite a few works with the rain motives written in later period waiting for further analysis.

영어초록

This article deals with Chekhov’s description of nature focusing on rain motives in 1880’s works. The objects of analysis are five short stories written from 1883 to 1888. Beginning from ⌜He Understood⌟, Chekhov uses the rain and other natural details not only for the atmosphere but for the theme and characterization of the story. The description of cloudy landscapes in the beginning of ⌜He Understood⌟ foretells the physical and the psychological state of Pavel who came to be caught in illegal shooting in Volchkov’s land. Other natural details such as flies and the wasp reflect Pavel’s distressed frame of mind. The change of nature parallels the development of the plot. At the end, when Pavel was freed with the wasp, raindrops fall. Chekhov’s shows perfect harmony and communication between the man and the nature in the story.
The first half of ⌜The Story of Lady NN⌟ fits into the communication theme with a rain motive. One summer evening with rain succeeds in evoking love between two characters in the story. Here rain plays a vital role in communicating one’s feeling of love to the other. However, this love fails as the two return to the city away from the nature. In contrast to these two stories, ⌜The Name-Day Party⌟ shows the tragic lack of communications between husband and wife. This work is a definite evolution from ⌜He Understood⌟ in using the rain motive for examining character’s internal state of mind. Chekhov creates irony here with same motive. With Olga’s miscarriages at the ending, the rain symbolizes not life but death. Lies and hypocracy in civilized society block the real communication between humans while the change to sunny day after the rain in the story suggests the harmonious circulation of nature.
The rest two stories tell the theme of ‘betrayal’. In ⌜Autumn⌟ appears the wretched former landowner begging for a shot of vodka in tavern on the stormy night of autumn. Betrayed by a lover and a relative, he lost love and money. The unexpected calamity in one’s life can be compared to the storm. ⌜The bad weather⌟ shows two types of characters. One is who obeys the nature with belief and the other is who exploits it. The latter deceives the former using rainy days for his extramarital affair.
In conclusion, Chekhov uses the rain motives and other natural details for mood, theme, and the characterization. Each different human situation creates varied meanings of rain motive in Chekhov’s stories. However, it is too early to make a generalization of the rain motives in Chekhov’s poetics because there are quite a few works with the rain motives written in later period waiting for further analysis.

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