高麗時代 高僧의 僧碑와 門徒 (The Steles for Monks and Their Disciples in Goryeo Dynasty)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국중세사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국중세사연구 / 35호 / 7 ~ 36페이지
· 저자명 : 최연식

초록

The steles for monks first appeared in Korea in late Shilla period to cherish the founding patriarchs of important Seon[Chan] lineages. In Goryeo dynasty erecting the stele became the established tradition in the Buddhist society and even the steles for eminent monks of doctrinal schools were erected. The monks' steles are the most important materials to understand the Buddhism in Goryeo dynasty. But most of the studies on the steles have been on the contents of them and not much attention was paid to the role of them in the Goryeo Buddhist society. In this paper we tried to examine the role of the steles by analyzing where they were erected and why they should located there.
In Goryeo dynasty erecting a stele was a special privilege only given to a few eminent monks who hold the titles such as royal preceptor or national preceptor. The steles were usually erected at the temple where the monks had spent their last time and died. But in the cases the monk's last residence was a big and important temple in the capital or his disciples failed to erect their teacher's stele in a short time after his death, the stele used to be erected at a different temple.
The stele was erected, in the cases, at a temple where the monk had resided before or his disciples was residing at the time. Eventually the monk's stele was erected at the temple where the disciples had close relations；the temples where they had studied under the teacher or they hold the influence. It might be natural considering the fact that it was the disciples who did the important role in making the petition and doing the real work for the erection of the stele.
Some exclusive privileges, mainly the right to choose and succeed the position of the dean of the temple where the stele located, were given to the disciples who had succeeded in erecting their teacher. The temples were called as ‘unchangeable temples’. As this erecting a stele was not only for the respect to the eminent monk but for the acknowledgement of the disciples who formed the influential group under the monk. Using the temple as the base for them the disciples were able to maintain their influence as an individual group generation after generation. The temple together with the teacher's stele played a pivotal role in uniting and maintaining the group. A monk's stele in Goryeo dynasty was not only a monument to cherish the memory of the eminent monk but a symbol of his disciples which helped them to maintain their independence.

영어초록

The steles for monks first appeared in Korea in late Shilla period to cherish the founding patriarchs of important Seon[Chan] lineages. In Goryeo dynasty erecting the stele became the established tradition in the Buddhist society and even the steles for eminent monks of doctrinal schools were erected. The monks' steles are the most important materials to understand the Buddhism in Goryeo dynasty. But most of the studies on the steles have been on the contents of them and not much attention was paid to the role of them in the Goryeo Buddhist society. In this paper we tried to examine the role of the steles by analyzing where they were erected and why they should located there.
In Goryeo dynasty erecting a stele was a special privilege only given to a few eminent monks who hold the titles such as royal preceptor or national preceptor. The steles were usually erected at the temple where the monks had spent their last time and died. But in the cases the monk's last residence was a big and important temple in the capital or his disciples failed to erect their teacher's stele in a short time after his death, the stele used to be erected at a different temple.
The stele was erected, in the cases, at a temple where the monk had resided before or his disciples was residing at the time. Eventually the monk's stele was erected at the temple where the disciples had close relations；the temples where they had studied under the teacher or they hold the influence. It might be natural considering the fact that it was the disciples who did the important role in making the petition and doing the real work for the erection of the stele.
Some exclusive privileges, mainly the right to choose and succeed the position of the dean of the temple where the stele located, were given to the disciples who had succeeded in erecting their teacher. The temples were called as ‘unchangeable temples’. As this erecting a stele was not only for the respect to the eminent monk but for the acknowledgement of the disciples who formed the influential group under the monk. Using the temple as the base for them the disciples were able to maintain their influence as an individual group generation after generation. The temple together with the teacher's stele played a pivotal role in uniting and maintaining the group. A monk's stele in Goryeo dynasty was not only a monument to cherish the memory of the eminent monk but a symbol of his disciples which helped them to maintain their independence.

참고자료

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