集安高句麗碑와 광개토왕릉비 序頭의 단락구성과 서술내용 비교 (N/A)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 동국대학교 WISE(와이즈)캠퍼스 신라문화연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 신라문화 / 45권 / 35 ~ 66페이지
· 저자명 : 여호규

초록

이 논문은 集安高句麗碑와 廣開土王陵碑의 序頭를 비교 검토한 것이다. 集安碑의 서두는 추모왕의 건국사실 선언, 건국설화, 왕위계승 등 3단락으로 구분된다. 그런데 漢代 墓碑文의 형식을 참조하여 終結詞를 기준으로 陵碑 서두의 단락구성을 검토한 결과, 集安碑 서두와 거의 동일한 양상을 확인하였다. 集安碑와 능비 서두의 단락구성은 기본적으로 동일한 것이다.
건국설화를 成文化하던 초기 단계의 集安碑에서는 天道, 元王, 先聖 등 유교식 용어를 거의 그대로 사용하였다. 그런데 유교의 군주관이 天命論과 王道政治論에 입각한 반면, 고구려의 君主觀은 天帝의 혈연적 후손이라는 인식을 바탕으로 성립하였다. 이에 따라 仁政과 德治를 강조하는 유교식 용어로는 고구려 왕권의 神聖性을 정확하게 표현하기 힘들었다. 이에 陵碑 단계에서는 유교식 용어를 ‘聖’, ‘道’, ‘天’ 등 多重的 의미를 갖는 용어로 변용하여 건국설화를 묘사하였다.
두 비문의 왕위계승 기사는 모두 시조를 정점으로 하는 一系的 王統意識에 입각하여 서술하였다. 특히 능비에서 추모왕의 승천, 왕위계승, 광개토왕의 행장 등을 한 단락으로 묶어 기술했는데, 이는 一系的 王統의 유구성을 강조하기 위한 필법이다. 이러한 一系的 王統意識은 혈연적 계보관계가 아니라, 선왕과 차기왕의 관계를 嗣子로 파악하던 전통적인 왕위계승 인식을 바탕으로 성립되었다.

영어초록

This article contains the result of comparing the Forewords of “Koguryo Monument at Ji’an” and “Gwang’gae’to-wang Monument”. To begin with, researcher subdivides the Foreword of Gwang’gae’to-wang Monument into several paragraphs, which are based upon termination points, referring the style of the tomb epitaphs(墓碑) of the Han(漢) dynasty period. As a result, it can be separated in to three paragraphs, which are ‘a state-founding declaration of King Chumo-Wang(鄒牟王)’, ‘a state-founding narration’, and ‘Royal succession and records of a deceased King Gwanggaeto-wang's life’. This kind of paragraph assembly is also found at “Koguryo Monument at Ji’an”.
At an early step like “Koguryo Monument at Ji’an”, when a codification of ‘a state-founding narration’ was just taking place, Confucian terms were used as they were. For example, there were words such as ‘the ways of Heaven(天道)’, ‘Original King(元王)’, ‘a sage of old(先聖)’ and so on. However, Koguryo had different perspectives on king from Confucianism. While Confucianism was based on “the theory of heaven’s will(天命論)” and “the theory of benevolent royal politics(王道政治論)”, Koguryo’s perspective on king was built after a theory that the king was descendant of the Heaven. Therefore, those Confucian terms, which emphasize the benevolent administration(德治) and the benign government(仁政), were not assertive enough to express a sacred character of Koguryo’s royal family. This problem was solved through transforming Confucian terms into multiple-meaning words, such as ‘Seong(Sheng, 聖)’, ‘Do(Tao, 道)’ and ‘Cheon(Tian, 天)’, and illustrated the state-founding narration by using those terms.
On two Monuments, Royal succession articles were described based on ‘the Royal descendants consciousness through a singular lineage(一系的 王統意識)’, which is the concept focusing on the founder. Especially, on “Gwang’gae’to-wang Monument”, the Foreword traced events altogether, such as ‘an ascension of the founder, King Chumo-Wang(鄒牟王)’, ‘Royal succession’, and ‘records of a deceased King Gwanggaeto-wang's life’, and described into only one paragraph. This was because it makes possible to emphasize an immemorial single lineage of royal descendants. This concept, ‘the Royal descendants consciousness through a singular lineage’, was established by awareness of traditional royal succession that a relationship between the former King and the new King is “son(嗣子)”, not blood genealogical relation.

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