バランスのイメージスキーマと関わる複合動詞の使い分け−「行き届く」と「行き渡る」を事例に− (The Usage of Compound Verbs related to the Image Schema of Balance - A case study about '行き届く' and '行き渡る'−)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일본어교육학회
· 수록지 정보 : 日本語敎育 / 104호 / 81 ~ 98페이지
· 저자명 : 김광성

초록

複合動詞に関する従来の研究では複合動詞の複合語としての特性に注目するあまり、複合動詞が実際どのように用いられていてどのような意味的特性を有しているかについてはあまり踏み込んだ分析が行われてこなかった。複合動詞の特性を総合的に把握するためには語構成や語形成だけでなく、コロケーションや意味的特性に関しても体系的な分析が必要である。本稿ではコーパスのオンライン検索システムである『NLB』や『NLT』を活用して類義語の関係にある複合動詞の分析を行った。具体的にはバランス関係を表す「行き届く」と「行き渡る」の用法や意味的特性を(i)助詞や名詞とのコロケーション、(ii)近接動詞とのコロケーション、(iii)副詞とのコロケーション、(iv)名詞修飾、(v)サブコーパスごとのPMWを中心に検討した。分析の結果、「行き届く」と「行き渡る」がそれぞれバランスのイメージスキーマ(図2)の中でどの部分に焦点を当てる傾向があるのかが明らかになった。例えば、「～に行き届く」と「～に行き渡る」の比較から「行き届く」は個別の行き先に、「行き渡る」は行き先全体に焦点を当てる傾向が相対的に強いことが見られた。また、近接動詞、副詞、名詞修飾などの検討から「行き届く」は結果状態に、「行き渡る」は(移動や配置が行われる)プロセスに焦点を当てる傾向が相対的に強いことも確認できた。他に「行き届く」は管理や配慮などと関わる名詞と、「行き渡る」は物理的な対象や成分と関わる名詞と共起する傾向が相対的に強かった。さらに、「行き届く」のサブコーパスでのPMWが「行き渡る」に比べて全体的に高いことと、国会会議録と教科書で特にそのPMWが高いことが確認できた。

영어초록

While previous studies about compound verbs have mainly focused on the characteristics of compound verbs as compound words, there have been few studies about how compound verbs are actually used and what semantic characteristics they have. In order to comprehensively understand the characteristics of compound verbs, it is necessary to systematically analyze not only word composition and word formation, but also collocations and semantic characteristics. In this paper, the corpus online search systems, NLB and NLT, were used to analyze compound verbs that are in a synonymous relationship. Specifically, the usage and semantic characteristics of '行き届く' and '行き渡る', which represent a balanced relationship, was discussed focusing on (i) collocation with particles and nouns, (ii) collocation with close verbs, (iii) collocation with adverbs, (iv) noun modification, (v) PMW for each sub-corpora. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed which part of the balance image schema '行き届く' and '行き渡る' tend to focus on respectively. For example, a contrastive analysis on the usage of '～に行き届く' and '～に行き渡る' shows that '行き届く' tends to focus on individual destinations, and '行き渡る' tends to focus on the entire destination. From the examination of close verbs, adverbs, noun modification, etc., it was confirmed that there is a relatively strong tendency for '行き届く' to focus on the result state, and for '行き渡る' to focus on the process (where movement and placement are performed). Also, there was a relatively strong tendency for '行き届く' to co-occur with nouns related to management and consideration, and for '行き渡る' with nouns related to physical objects and elements. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the PMWs of '行き届く' in sub-corpora are higher overall and the PMWs of '行き届く' are especially higher in the minutes of the Diet and the textbooks.

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