일제강점기 米俱樂部와 延市場에 관한 연구 - 소위 ‘인취문제’와의 관련성을 중심으로 - (A Study on Rice Club and Deferred Market During Japanese Rule - Focused on Relationship with so-called Incheon Rice Exchange Problem -)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국외국어대학교 일본연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 일본연구 / 88호 / 7 ~ 36페이지
· 저자명 : 김명수

초록

この論文では1920年代を通じて京仁地域を揺るがせた所謂「仁取問題」との関連性を念頭に置きながら、これまで注目しなかった米倶楽部と延市場について検討した。米倶楽部は京城に生活基盤を持っていた取引員が京城の顧客の清算取引注文を受けるため京取の周辺にあたる明治町付近に出張所のような形で設けた末端店舗を意味する。延市場は延取引が行われる穀物市場を指す。延取引は一種の掛け売りで、最長60日まで決済を延期することができた。 1920年に市場規則が改正されることによって、全国9個所に穀物現物市場が許可され、延取引が公認された。しかし、禁止された差金決済と転売及び買戻しが行われ、延取引は類似清算取引となってしまった。1921年4月に施行された朝鮮取引所税令は仁取のみに適用され、延市場には適用されなかった。仁取が各地の延市場に比べて差別待遇を受けていると主張した所以である。さらに群山延市場が京城進出を試みると、仁取取引員組合が「仁取差別待遇撤廃運動」を展開していった。 朝鮮総督府の対策は2つの方向から行われた。一つは、1930年5月に市場規則を改正して事実上の仁取仲買店の出張所であった米倶楽部を廃止した。群山延市場も支店設置を通じた京城進出をあきらめた。もう一つは、1931年5月の朝鮮取引所令の公布と延市場の取引所への昇格であった。それまで延市場が行ってきた現物取引は新しく設置された正米市場が担当することになった。

영어초록

This paper reviewed rice clubs and deferred markets, which had not been noticed so far, keeping in mind the connection with the so-called “Incheon Rice Exchange(IRE) Problem” which made the Gyeongin area noisy throughout the 1920s. Gyeongin means Seoul and Incheon. A rice club means a terminal store placed near Meijicho, near Keijo Stock Market, which is like a branch office established by a broker to receive orders for futures transaction of Seoul customers. A deferred market was a kind of grain market in which deferred transactions performed, which allowed payments to be postponed for up to 60 days.
With the revised market rules in 1920, spot grain markets were licensed in nine regions nationwide, and deferred transaction was approved officially. However, with the forbidden net settlement, resale, and redemption, the deferred transaction changed to a similar futures transaction. The increase in the volume of deferred transactions posed a threat to the IRE. The Choseon Exchange Tax Act, enforced in April 1921, was applied only to the Incheon Rice Exchange, not to the deferred markets. This is the background for claiming that the Incheon Rice Exchange is treated discriminatingly. In addition, as the Gunsan Deferred Market attempted to enter Gyeongseong, the IRE authorized brokers’ Association moved. A movement to abolish discriminative treatment was developed.
The Government-General of Korea’s countermeasures were taken in two directions. One revised the market rules in May 1930 and abolished rice clubs, which served as a branch office for IRE brokerage firm. The other was the promulgation of Choseon Exchange Act in May 1931 and the promotion of deferred markets’ to grain exchanges.

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