<한글맞춤법> ‘소리대로 적되’의 의미 (The Meaning of 'Write it down as it sounds' in the )

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 국어학회
· 수록지 정보 : 國語學 / 92호 / 3 ~ 36페이지
· 저자명 : 신지연

초록

<한글맞춤법> 총칙 제1항의 ‘소리대로 적되’와 ‘어법에 맞도록 함’은 같은 위계에서 선택적으로 적용되는 것이 아니다. ‘소리대로 적되’는 우리 맞춤법의 대원칙을 이루며, 그 전제 조건이 충족된 다음에 ‘어법에 맞도록’ 할 것인지 아닌지 곧, 형태소를 밝혀 적을 것인지 아닌지의 결정이 이루어진다. 이때 ‘소리대로 적는 것’은 음소적 표기법보다 더 넓은 범위를 갖는데 이는 ‘소리대로 적되’가 음운 규칙의 적용까지 포괄하기 때문이다. 이 주장의 주요 근거는 다음과 같다.
‘소리대로 적되’와 ‘어법에 맞도록’이 등가이고 이들이 선택적 관계에 있는 것이라면, ‘소리대로’ 적기 위해 ‘어법에 맞도록’을 포기한 경우가 있듯이 ‘어법에 맞도록’ 하기 위해 ‘소리대로’를 포기한 경우도 있어야 할 것이다. 그러나 그러한 경우는 없다.
또한, 3장 소리에 관한 것들에는 ‘형태소적 표기법’과는 관계없는 조항들이 있으며, 우리 맞춤법 개정사를 살펴보면 발음이 변함에 따라 맞춤법이 바뀌게 되는 경우도 많다.
한편, 국어의미론의 동음이의어 논의과 정서법 논의 등에서는 ‘낫, 낮, 낱, 낯’을 이철자 동음이의어로 본다. 이들이 모두 같은 소리로, 곧 소리대로 적혔다는 것이다.
이 밖에도 두 구문을 연결하는 연결어미 ‘-되’의 의미 기능에 비추어 보아도 양자가 선택적 관계에 있기 어려우며, 맞춤법의 역사를 살펴보아도 ‘소리대로 적되’의 비중이 크다.
음운 규칙의 적용까지 포괄하는 ‘소리대로 적되’는 엄격한 일문자일음소 원칙보다는 느슨한 어문일치를 의미한다.

영어초록

As for the relationship between and 'write it down to fit the grammar' in the general rule 1 of <Hangeul-orthography>, it has been widely argued that the two are applied selectively on an equal level, but this paper believes that the former should cover the latter as a higher principle. 'write it down as it sounds' becomes the grand principle that the label does not allow the sound embodied to fall away from the real sound. And within that scope, we are committed to keeping the principle of 'to suit the grammar': to identify the morphemes as much as possible. In the case of the rule of syllable fisrt sound, it is not possible to write down according to the morphological notation since it is different from sound when it is written down. However, in the case of the palatalization, the morpheme is revealed and the principle is taken to write it down to suit the morphological notation since it is not distant from sound, at least considering our phonetic rules.
The most difficult thing about our orthography is that it is not clear in some cases whether we write down the morphology. Soon, there have been conflicts between the principles of morphological and phonetic notation in our orthography. In previous discussions, it has been seen that the confrontation is expressed in the the general rule 1 on orthography, 'write it down as it sounds' and 'to suit the grammar'. However, we believe that the confrontation between the two principles is not between 'write it down as it sounds' and 'to suit the grammar' and is an internal issue of sub-rules 'to suit the grammar'. The top clause of our orthography rules is 'write it down as it sounds' and there is something at the bottom that doesn't have to be written in accordance with the grammar. Therefore, instead of harmonizing 'write it down as it sounds' and 'to suit the grammar', it should be harmonized between keeping the principle of keeping it to the grammar and marking that the principle cannot be followed. At this time, the 'sound' of 'pronounced' is the sound implemented by the application of phonetic rules and supplemented by standard pronunciation, rather than the soundtrack of the symbol indicated by the marking. The word 'write it down as it sounds' means that the sound that will be implemented and the actual sound should not be distant. For example, the sound of '꽃만' is [꼰만] when the Korean word is applied to the phonetic rules and the standard pronunciation. In this regard, both phonologically written '꼰만' or morphologically written '꽃만' fulfills the rule of 'write it down as it sounds' witch does not mean a strict phonetic notation and should be understood as a grand principle that advocates lax phoneticism or sound- notation match.

참고자료

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