老子「正言若反」的否定論述

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 동아인문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 동아인문학 / 15호 / 103 ~ 134페이지
· 저자명 : 張才興

초록

When Lao Tzu explained the functions of Tao, he addressed “The Tao moves the other way, the Tao works through weakness”, and the concept of “The truth seems like the opposite” of the “Soft overcomes hard, weak overcomes strong” theory. The uniqueness in the opposite words is that it uses paradoxes to explain Tao’s surpassing all nature, thus, Lao Tzu’s theories often seem conflicting and opposite from the conventional standards as they are incredible and unexplainable. Although incredible and unexplainable, the concept provides reasonable and agreeable standpoints. “The truth seems like the opposite” is one of the main topics in Lao Tzu’s theories; it exists to help explaining Tao’s surpassing nature.
The way of the concept is to transfer from abstract to concrete, its process explained Tao’s functions and effects. Lao Tzu used a lot of paradoxes to address his concept, although conflicting, it includes reasonable standpoints. Lao Tzu’s view is that the biggest problem of the majority insists on the labels and too much action. Therefore, he used the opposite wording to against the conventional values, and to break up the attachment toward labels with his selfless philosophy. For Lao Tzu, the creation and evolution of everything must follow the way of repetition. The effect of repetition is the motion of self-creating Tao, as in chapter sixth, “The myriad things are all active, I therefore watch their return”, and chapter twenty fifth “Great means ever-flowing, ever-flowing means far-reaching, far-reaching means returning”.
In fact, it is the essence of Tao that creates the myriad based on its recycling and nonbeing natures. When Tao creates the myriad it is also circulating and varying, nonetheless, everything flourished returns to its root. The result of Tao creating the myriad is infinite, at the same time showing the watery nature which surpasses human perception. Lao Tzu often used the passive and soft female posture “mother”, “feminine”, “weak”, and “watery” to emphasis on the essence of Tao. Hence, Lao Tzu’s “soft” concept belongs to the opposite wording area, but it is the “strong” that he wanted to expound.

참고자료

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