山林의 徵召와 出仕 - 朴世采의 辭職疏를 중심으로 (The Jingso/ (徵召) Recruiting of the Sanrim () Figures during the Early Half of Joseon King Sukjong (山林)"s Reign (1680~1689), and Their Entrance into the Government (肅宗) - Examination of Park Sae Chae"s)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원
· 수록지 정보 : 규장각 / 33호 / 123 ~ 159페이지
· 저자명 : 김백철

초록

17세기 박세채는 산림을 대표하는 인물로서 학문적 업적뿐만 아니라, 중앙정계에서도 주요한 역할을 하였다. 박세채의 문집에서 주목되는 부분은 辭職疏이다. 사직소의 분량이 압도적으로 많을 뿐만 아니라, 疏를 올리는 과정에서 정견의 발표와 한시적인 出仕가 모두 포함되어있기 때문이다.
박세채의 사직소를 통해서 국왕이 산림을 얼마나 중시여겼고, 정국운영의 변수로 활용하고자 했는지 그 적극적인 의지를 가늠해 볼 수 있다. 하지만 산림에 대한 국왕의 우대가 외견상 지극하게 보일지라도, 산림이 국왕의 정견과 배치될 때 언제든지 버려질 수 있었다. 산림 역시 자신에 대한 일정한 우대수준이 되기 전에는 徵召에 응하지 않았고, 핵심관직을 제수받을 때에 이르러서야 비로소 출사하여 정견을 피력하고 중재자 역할을 착실히 수행하였다.
결국, 이것은 산림의 역할모델이 단지 정국을 운영함에 있어 군주권과 대립하거나 우월한 지위를 상정하기보다는, 산림의 자문과 군주의 적극적인 채용이라는 相生的인 구도를 확인해 볼 수 있는 단서로 생각된다.

영어초록

In the 17th century, Park Sae Chae was a representative figure for the Sanrim community for his academic achievements. But he also played an important role inside the central government. One of the more important and noticeable things included in his personal anthology is his 'Appeal for Retirement(辭職疏)'. The sheer volume is impressive, but that is not the only reason. The process in which the appeal was presented, includes not only his revelation of certain political opinions, but also his temporary return to the government(出仕).
Through his 'Appeal for retirement', we can see how much the King considered the presence of Sanrim figures importantly, and how much he wished to utilize them as a variable in managing the dynamics of the central political arena. But the King's privileged treatment of the Sanrim figures, no matter how sincere it might have seemed, could have gone away just as swiftly and easily, whenever the King happened to find the Sanrim figures' opinion to be clashing with his own. In the meantime, the Sanrim figures did not respond to the (King's) recruit(徵召) until the King's treatment reached a certain level of 'considerateness', and one would only join the government when one was appointed to a crucial and critical post inside the government. And after their entrance into the government, they would start presenting their own political opinions and ideas, and function as a mediator inside the government.
Based upon the relationship between the King and the Sanrim figures, it would be more appropriate to acknowledge the true nature of that relationship, which was composed of both the Sanrim figures' counsel to the King and the King's active enlisting of them, than merely recognizing it as a relationship which was led by the Sanrim figures, who supposedly clashed with the King all the time and maintained a superior and a more powerful status all the time.

참고자료

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