高句麗 遺民 <李他仁墓誌銘>의 재판독 및 주요 쟁점 검토 (Reexamination of the Tomb epitaph of a Koguryo refugee named Yi Ta-in(李他仁), and discussion of several points currently debated)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국고대사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국고대사연구 / 85호 / 365 ~ 413페이지
· 저자명 : 여호규, 李明

초록

이 글은 <李他仁墓誌銘>을 재판독하고, 주요 쟁점을 검토한 것이다. 1998년에 발표된 묘지명 판독문은 많은 오류를 내포하고 있었다. 재판독을 통해 50여 자를 수정하고, 묘지명의 규격과 行數 등 기본 정보도 재확인했다. 이를 바탕으로 묘지명을 재해석하고주석했다.
아울러 주요 쟁점을 검토했다. 李他仁의 족속 계통에 대해서는 靺鞨人說과 高句麗人 說이 대립하고 있는데, ‘遼東 柵州人’이라고 지방 출신임을 명시한 사실에 주목했다. 이에 柵城지역 지방통치 양상을 검토한 결과, 고구려가 이 지역을 중핵지역, 주변부, 외곽의 白山靺鞨 거주구역 등으로 구분해 지방통치를 도모했고, 중핵지역에는 상층 지배세력이 형성된 사실을 확인했다. 이를 통해 이타인이 이 지역 상층 지배세력 출신일 가능성을 상정했다.
唐의 최후 공격양상을 통해 李他仁의 唐 투항시점을 667년 9월에서 668년 초로 추정했다. 이타인의 투항으로 唐軍은 만주 동부까지 석권하고 평양성 공격에 나섰는데, 이타인도 ‘휘하 병력을 거느리고’ 石城과 平壤城 공격에 참전했다. 또한 이타인의 행적을 통해 唐이 책성지역에도 羈縻支配를 시행했고, 부여지역에서도 고구려 부흥운동이 일어난사실을 파악했다.

영어초록

The Tomb epitaph of a Koguryo refugee named Yi Ta-in was first introduced to the academic society in 1998, but at the time there were some errors in its decipherment. In this article the text is reexamined, and as a result total of 50 letters are newly identified, while basic information including the size and structure of the epitaph is reconfirmed. Based upon these new rectifications, the text itself is retranslated and newly annotated here in this article.
Regarding the question of which tribe or community(族屬) Yi Ta-in actually belonged to, there are two opinions currently colliding with each other: the ‘Malgal[Mohe] figure’ theory(“靺鞨人說”) and the ‘Koguryo figure’ theory(“高句麗人說”). In this article, the fact that in records he was specified as a ‘Liaodong(遼東) Chaekju(柵州) region figure,’ which effectively identified him as a local figure, was particularly noticed. The fact itself prompted us to examine how the said region(“Chaekseong, 柵城”) was governed (by Koguryo dynasty) at the time, and we were able to confirm and conclude that Koguryo categorized local regions into several groups such as the central core, periphery, and the Baeksan Malgal[Mohe] habitat lying in the outskirts. We believe that the senior leading faction of Koguryo was formed in the central core, so we raised the possibility that Yi Ta-in was a member of this very community.
In the meantime, we examined how Tang(唐) dynasty launched final attacks upon Koguryo, and theorized that Yi Ta-in surrendered to Tang at some point between September 667 and early 668. With his surrender, the Tang forces must have been able to secure the northern region of Manchu and launch an attack upon the Pyeong’yang-seong fortress, which Yi Ta-in is believed to have joined as well with his own troops, attacking either Seokseong(石城) or Pyeong’yang-seong. Examination of his actions also revealed that Tang exacted a sort of Gimi(羈縻) ruling upon the Chaekseong area, as well as it was the Buyeo region alongside the Song’hua-jiang(松花江) river where the Koguryo restoration movement formed and proceeded.

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