1916년 함경남도 갑산군 『地誌調書』에 나타난 洞里名 표기에 대한 국어학적 연구 (A Study on Dongri Names From the Perspective of Korean Linguistics Shown in 『Jijijoseo』 of Gapsan-gun, Hamgyeongnam-do in 1916)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국지명학회
· 수록지 정보 : 지명학 / 37권 / 209 ~ 244페이지
· 저자명 : 황금연

초록

이 연구는 갑산군 『地誌調書』에 기록된 5개 면의 동리명 157개와 구동리명, 비고(備考)를 중심으로 원전(原典), 동리명의 한글 표기와 차자표기 등에 대해 살펴본 것이다.
우선 동리명, 구동리명의 한자와 한글 표기는 일치하는 경우가 상당히 많았다(예: 橋項里:교항리). 고유의 동리명은 [비고]에서 확인되지만 그다지 많지 않았다(예: 橋項里:ᄀᆡ목이, 化墻里:되담이).
‘ᄋᆞ’는 ‘ᄒᆞ(下)’에 1회만 쓰이고, 모두 ‘ᄋᆡ’ 표기에 쓰인다. ‘ᄋᆡ’는 ‘ᄀᆡ’, ‘ᄂᆡ’, ‘ᄉᆡ’, ‘ᄃᆡ’, ‘ᄐᆡ’, ‘ᄀᆡᆷ’, ‘ᄇᆡ’, ‘ᄉᆡᆼ’, ‘ᄅᆡ’, ‘ᄆᆡ’ 등의 표기에 나타난다. ‘ㅈ’, ‘ㅊ’, ‘ㅅ’와 활음이 결합한 표기가 빈번하지만 수의적인 표기로 파악하였다. ‘즁/중’,‘젼/전’, ‘졍/정’, ‘쳔/천’, ‘셕/석’, ‘슈/수’, ‘셩/성’ 등의 표기가 그것이다.
구개음화, 두음법칙 등이 반영되지 않은 표기도 있는데 역시 수의적인 표기로 보았다. 움라우트, 비음화, ‘ㄹ’탈락, ‘ㅇ’탈락으로 볼 수 있는 동리명도 나타난다.
차자표기의 양상은 ‘음차+음차’의 구성이 대다수이며, ‘음차+훈차’, ‘훈차+음차’, ‘훈차+훈차’의 구성이 두루 확인되었다.
‘岩回里:바위평’에서 ‘岩回’는 바위의 중세어 ‘바회’를 표기한 것으로 파악하고,‘바회’의 ‘회(回)’를 덧붙인, 말음첨기로 보았다.
‘구비(仇非)’[曲]는 산악지역에서 확인되는 특징적인 동리명 표기로 파악하였다. ‘浦’로 표기한‘ 개’는 ‘개[汊]’, 즉 하천이나 개울이 갈라지는 곳의 뜻으로 보았다. 즉 ‘개[浦](바닷물이 드나드는 곳)’의 뜻이 아닌 ‘개’[汊]로 본 것이다. ‘두루’는 ‘벌’, ‘들’[野]의 고형 ‘드르ㅎ’의 흔적으로, ‘벼리’[遷]와 ‘별이’는 벼랑, 벼랑길의 뜻으로 보았다.

영어초록

This study examined original text, Korean and borrowed notations of Dongri names centering on 157 Dongri names and their old names of five Myons and [Remarks] recorded in <Jijijoseo> of Gapsan-gun.
There were considerable matches between Chinese and Korean transcriptions Dongri names and their old names(for example:橋項里:Gyohangri).Native Dongri names were found in [Remarks], but ther were not many.(for example:‘橋項里:kɐmoŋri’,‘化墻里:dődamri’).
‘ᄋᆞ[ɐ]’ was once used in ‘hɐ(下)’ and was usually used in the notation of ‘ɐi(ᄋᆡ)’. The latter appeared in the notations of ‘ᄀᆡ’, ‘ᄂᆡ’, ‘ᄉᆡ’, ‘ᄃᆡ’, ‘ᄐᆡ’, ‘ᄀᆡᆷ’, ‘ᄇᆡ’, ‘ᄉᆡᆼ’, ‘ᄅᆡ’ and ‘ᄆᆡ’. There were many cases that ‘ㅈ’,‘ㅊ’ and ‘ㅅ’ were combined with glide, they were identified as optional notations such as: notations of ‘즁/중’, ‘젼/전’, ‘졍/정’, ‘쳔/천’, ‘셕/석’, ‘슈/수’, ‘셩/성’.
There were notations that did not reflect palatalization and initial law, which were also considered as optional notations. Dongri names that were assumed as Umlaut, nasalization, ‘ㄹ’ elimination, and ‘ㅇ’ elimination.
In respect to borrowed character notations, most of them were compositions of ‘eumcha[音借] plus eumcha’, and compositions of ‘eumcha plus huncha[訓借]’, ‘huncha plus eumcha’ and ‘huncha plus huncha’ were also found.
In respect to ‘amhoi[岩回]:Bawipyong’, ‘amhoi’ was identified as the notation of ‘pahoi’, a dialect of pawi, which was considered as final addition that ‘hoi(回)’ of pahoi was added. ‘gubi(仇非)’[曲] was discovered as a peculiar Dongri name notation that was found in mountain areas. ‘gae’ notated as ‘po’ was ‘gae[汊]’, that is, meaning the area streams or brooks were divided. It was considered as the meaning of ‘gae’[汊], not as that of ‘gae[浦](where the sea water flows in and out)’. It was assumed that ‘turu’ was a trace of ‘드르ㅎ’, an old type of ‘peol’ and ‘teul’[野 meaning field] and ‘pyori’[遷] and ‘pyoli’ mean a cliff and a ledge.

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