매슬로우의 욕구단계이론에 의거한 노인요양시설 치유환경요소의 위계에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Order of Healing Environment Elements of Nursing Homes by Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국실내디자인학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국실내디자인학회 논문집 / 21권 / 1호 / 240 ~ 247페이지
· 저자명 : 정미렴

초록

치유환경은 치료의 기능적 측면을 넘어서, 사용자의 사회적, 심리적 측면을 고려하여 전인적인 치유를 돕기 위한 환경이다. 그러나 현재까지의 선행연구는 인간의 욕구단계에 대한 분석이 충분히 고려되지 않은 측면이 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 치유환경을 위한 디자인 원칙들을 매슬로우의 욕구단계이론에 기반하여 재구성하고 이에 따라 노인요양시설 공간을 분석, 평가해 보고 이를 통하여 재구성된 체계를 검증하는 것이다. 연구결과 매슬로우의 욕구체계와 치유환경의 디자인 항목들이 균형있게 연계되었고, 이 틀로 노인요양시설 5개소의 사례를 평가한 결과 상위욕구에 비하여 하위욕구의 환경지원이 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 시설 현황파악과 개선점 도출에서 위계성과 선후관계가 부여되어 개선의 우선순위를 파악할 수 있는 이점이 있었다.

영어초록

Healing Environment is to cure the user as a whole by considering his social, psychological aspect, beyond the functional aspect of treatment. Various design elements of healing space have been developed so far, but they were mostly described with same rank. Even though every element is significant, facilities such as nursing homes tends to run with low budget, and they can't fulfill them all at the same time. It is important to find the sequence between design elements. The purpose of this study is to reorganize the design principles of healing environment by Maslow's hierarchy of needs(Physiological needs, Safety needs, Love/Affilitation needs, Self-Esteem needs and Self-Actualization needs), and analyze elderly nursing homes and examine the framework itself by application. Research method was consist of literature review on healing space design elements and hierarchy of needs, reconstruction of design elements with hierarchy, and application on 5 Korean nursing home cases.
As the result, Maslow's hierarchy of needs and design elements were linked with good balance. Analysis of 5 nursing homes revealed that lower needs were short of environmental support compared to higher needs. Especially design elements related to Physiological needs should be improved. Also, new framework had strength in not only providing gasps on current situation in detail, but also suggesting elements for improvement with hierarchy and sequence. Through this research healing environment design elements and human needs were linked. Nursing home is the last environment for the elderly, which should help to heal their body and mind and also support them to accomplish self-actualization.

참고자료

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