19세기말 영국 사회의 변화와 종교 ― 평론지 종교논설 분석 ― (Social Changes and Religion in Late Nineteenth-Century England)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 이화여자대학교 이화사학연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 이화사학연구 / 38호 / 237 ~ 264페이지
· 저자명 : 이영석

초록

Nowadays the decline of Christianity is distinguished in England. The attendants of religious ceremonies are decreasing at both Protestant churches and Catholic cathedrals. The purpose of this paper is to ascertain some changes of religious life and behavior through the debates and discourses on religious crisis in the late nineteenth century.
The Nineteenth Century, one of the most representative reviews at that time, used to focus on some problems about religion and belief. Among the articles on religious problems contributed to the review in the 1880s and 90s, we can find two interesting debates, of which one placed the focus on the effect of the Education Act of 1870 to religion, the other was related to the religious attitude of students at Oxford and Cambridge.
The debate of the Education Act stemmed from Cardinal Manning's article which pointed out the crisis of voluntary education after the enforcement of the act. And the debate on students' religious attitudes originated from a young student's article that complained the students' hypo-critical attitude and professors' agnosticism in Oxford and Cambridge. I would like to examine intellectuals' cynicism and agnosticism inherent at the bottom of this debate.
What do these debates let us know? It is true that the theory of evolution and other scientific knowledge fostered religious agnosticism among young persons and intellectuals in the late nineteenth century. And after the enforcement of the Education Act, there were some conflicts between the conformists and the non-conformists, and within Anglican Church. These conflicts and secularization of the elementary education affected religious mentalities in England. In short, the trend of secularization has continued to been long-termed in England, but at the same time, there was a discontinuity of the religious thought and behavior in the late nineteenth century.

영어초록

Nowadays the decline of Christianity is distinguished in England. The attendants of religious ceremonies are decreasing at both Protestant churches and Catholic cathedrals. The purpose of this paper is to ascertain some changes of religious life and behavior through the debates and discourses on religious crisis in the late nineteenth century.
The Nineteenth Century, one of the most representative reviews at that time, used to focus on some problems about religion and belief. Among the articles on religious problems contributed to the review in the 1880s and 90s, we can find two interesting debates, of which one placed the focus on the effect of the Education Act of 1870 to religion, the other was related to the religious attitude of students at Oxford and Cambridge.
The debate of the Education Act stemmed from Cardinal Manning's article which pointed out the crisis of voluntary education after the enforcement of the act. And the debate on students' religious attitudes originated from a young student's article that complained the students' hypo-critical attitude and professors' agnosticism in Oxford and Cambridge. I would like to examine intellectuals' cynicism and agnosticism inherent at the bottom of this debate.
What do these debates let us know? It is true that the theory of evolution and other scientific knowledge fostered religious agnosticism among young persons and intellectuals in the late nineteenth century. And after the enforcement of the Education Act, there were some conflicts between the conformists and the non-conformists, and within Anglican Church. These conflicts and secularization of the elementary education affected religious mentalities in England. In short, the trend of secularization has continued to been long-termed in England, but at the same time, there was a discontinuity of the religious thought and behavior in the late nineteenth century.

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