普雨의 불교사상과 佛 · 儒 融合調和論 (Rev. Bo-woo’s Buddhist Thought and His Harmony Thought between Buddhism and Confucianism)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국불교학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국불교학 / 56호 / 133 ~ 167페이지
· 저자명 : 이봉춘

초록

조선중기 명종대에 펼쳐졌던 불교중흥 사업의 두 주역은 허응보우와 문정왕후이다. 왕실 불교 세력의 전형을 보여주는 문정왕후의 절대적인 지원아래 불교교단의 지도자 보우가 흥불사업을 전면에서 추진하고 수행해간 것이다. 보우의 불교중흥사업은 그의 선ㆍ교관을 아우르는 불교사상과 불교와 유교를 포괄하는 종교사상의 확립 위에서 전개된 것으로 볼 수 있다. 보우의 일승 돈교적 이사무애의 화엄관과 본래 고요한 일심적 선관은 서로 분리되지 않는다. 선교 일원의 원융무애한 불교사상인 것이다. 이 같은 선교사상을 기반으로 그는 양종을 복립하고 그 독자적인 발전을 통해 불교의 중흥을 이루고자 한 것이다. 한편 불교와 유교에 대한 보우의 인식 또한 불유무이적 관점 위에 서 있다. 특히 그의 일정설은 우주적 원리와 인간의본성을 일과 정으로 각각 개념화하여 그것이 근본에서 서로 다르지 않음을 말하고 있다. 불유융합과 조화의 가능성을 철학적 논리적으로 제시한 것이다. 이는 동시에 불교와 유교 나아가 도교까지 모든 종교의 공존과 상생의 논리이기도 하다. 그런 의미에서 보우가 이루고자 했던 불교 불교증흥 또한불교와 유교가 공존ㆍ상생하는 융합과 조화의 큰 세상을 구현하려는 것이었다고 말 할 수 있다.

영어초록

In the middle of the Chosŏn dynasty, exactly during the period of King Myoung-jong, the two major leaders of the Buddhist Restoration Campaign were Rev. Her-eung Bo-woo and the Queen Dowager Regent Moon-jung. The one was an eminent Buddhist leader of the Chosŏn Buddhist society, and the other was a devout woman Buddhist from the royal family. He moved forward with the Buddhist Restoration Campaign wholly by himself with the positive support of the powerful Queen Dowager Regent Moon-jung.
In his own Buddhist Thought, meditation and doctrines are not separated from each other because his own view of doctrines that both all things in the universe are nothing but the mind and that the dharma-dhātu has no hindrance in the doctrines of the Avataṃsaka-sūtra is not different from his own view of meditation that our mind is innately serene and pure. It means that they are originally one dimension because they blend with each other without any impediment. Through his own Buddhist Thought System, Rev. Bo-woo established both the Meditation Sect and the Doctrines Sect and he did his best to develop both independently. With this broad-minded viewpoint, he exerted all possible efforts to realize the Buddhist Rehabilitation. From the standpoint of harmony with each other, Rev. Bo-woo expounded non-duality thought on both Buddhism and Confucianism as overall relation between essence and function. Such a relationship of non-duality on both Buddhism and Confucianism could be confirmed as an original aspect in his own unity theory of oneness and righteousness over again. In his unity theory, oneness stands for natural laws and righteousness means man's real nature. Through this logical thinking, he formed a unique unity theory of oneness and righteousness. Consequently, his non-duality thought on both Buddhism and Confucianism as well as the unity theory of oneness and righteousness could provide each religion such as Taoism as well as Buddhism and Confucianism with the logic of harmony and blending. In addition, his non-duality thought as well as the unity theory could be the logic of co-existence and co-prosperity between Buddhism and Confucianism. According to the unity theory of oneness and righteousness, Buddhism and Confucianism may flourish all together simultaneously. Therefore, it was quite natural that Rev. Bo-woo had incessantly pursued the communication and harmony between Buddhism and Confucianism as well as co-existence and co-prosperity at that time. After considering all these factors, it may safely say that Rev. Bo-woo’s Buddhist Rehabilitation Campaign may be interpreted as his earnest wish for an ideal society which every religion could coexist and could be co-prosperous through harmony and blending.

참고자료

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