공민왕 중반 천도론과 三蘇 경영론 (Theory on Transfer of the Capital and Management of Three Revivification in the Middle of King Gongmin’s Reign)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 서울역사편찬원
· 수록지 정보 : 서울과 역사 / 106호 / 207 ~ 263페이지
· 저자명 : 김창현

초록

공민왕 중반 천도론은 정치, 사상, 사회, 대외관계 등이 투영되었다. 공민왕 9년에 개경 권역인 임진현 북쪽 백악에 궁궐을 조영했는데 三蘇說의 변용으로, 한양천도 시도에 대한 반발이 작용했다. 한양천도 시도는 반원개혁으로 인해 원의 침략을 우려한 공민왕의 입장과 한양에 세력기반을 만든 보우의 이익이 부합한 결과였다. 제2차 홍건적이 침략하자 공민왕은 남행해 복주에 행재소를 차리더니, 상주와 청주에 머물면서 수원과 강화를 천도지로 고려했다. 원에서 덕흥군을 고려국왕으로 세우려 하자 개경 권역으로 간주된 흥왕사를 행궁으로 사용했는데, 정통성을 과시하기 위한 성격이 강했다. 흥왕사 정변을 겪고 나서 개경성으로 들어와 개혁 주도자로 신돈을 등용했다. 신돈은 자신의 출신지인 경상도를 기반으로 하면서 요충지인 한양･한강권을 끌어들여 개혁을 추진했고, 세력기반을 확장하면서 국왕의 三蘇로의 巡駐를 추진했는데 중점을 둔 곳은 경상도와 한강을 연결하는 고리인 충주였다.

영어초록

Theory on transfer of the capital in the middle of King Gongmin’s reign was reflected politics, thought, society, diplomacy. Baegak Palace was constructed at the north of Imjin-hyeon in the ninth year of King Gongmin's reign, which was affected by opposition to the attempt to transfer the capital to Hanyang. This attempt was the result that the stance of the King Gongmin worrying about invasion of Yuan because of anti-Yuan reform corresponded with benefit of the buddhist monk Bow establishing a power base in Hanyang. However, it was strongly opposed. A new palace was constructed in Baegak of Gaegyeong area as an alternative, which was transfiguration of three revivification. When the second Red Turban invasions of Koryeo occurred, the King Gongmin stayed in Andong, Sangju, and Cheongju. He considered Suwon or Kanghwa as a new capital. As it became known that Deokheung- gun would be crowned as the king of Koryeo by Yuan, King Gongmin moved into Heungwang Temple considered as Gaegyeong area. This had a strong character that he showed off his legitimacy over Deokheung-gun. After he underwent a political upheaval at Heungwang Temple, he came into Gaegyeong Wall and he hired Shindon as a reformer. Shindon pushed ahead with reform by drawing in Hanyang and the Han River area, based on his native Gyeongsang Province. As he expanded his power base, he set Pyongyang, Mt. Geumgang, and Chungju as three revivification which he pushed ahead with the King's royal tour here. The emphasis is on Chungju, a link between Gyeongsang-do and the Han River.

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