巴金筆下的“死亡”——以『家』為例 (A Study on the Narrative of death in “The Family” written by Ba Jin)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국중국학회
· 수록지 정보 : 중국학보 / 86호 / 79 ~ 99페이지
· 저자명 : 호미

초록

巴金的代表作『家』通過對高氏家族這一封建紳士階層大家族由盛而衰的過程的描寫，體現了近代轉型時期中國家族文化的變化特徵，從家族這個窗口反映了中國近代知識分子對傳統倫理道德觀念的反思與批判精神，揭示了父權制封建大家族制度的不合理性和這種制度必然走向崩潰與瓦解的歷史性命運，呈現出了顯著的“家族小說”的特徵。而主要人物的死亡則是作者為了凸顯作品主題而采取的一種重要敘事策略。 『家』中按照人物的身份及與作品主題的相關性可分爲“家長之死”與“女性之死”。兩組人物死亡的原因、方式不同，對兩組人物死亡事件敘事過程中體現出的作者情感傾向也形成了鮮明的對照。『家』中的家長高老太爺極為明顯地體現了父權制封建大家族家長的性格特徵。作品中高老太爺最終因孫輩對自己權威的反抗與兒子們的墮落受到重大的精神打擊“暴怒而亡”，這一死亡方式更加凸顯了高老太爺獨斷專行，暴君一般的性格特徵。 『家』中還描寫到三位女性人物的死亡。她們的死亡要比男性人物的死亡悲慘得多，均為比较典型的非正常死亡。而隱忍、順從的性格正是將她們推向死亡的一個重要的原因。巴金對這些女性人物的死亡寄寓了深刻悲憫情懷，與對家長的死亡描寫過程中體現出來的情感傾向形成了較為鮮明的對照，更加鲜明地體現了這部作品对传统家族文化进行批判的这一创作宗旨。

영어초록

Ba Jin's masterpiece "The Family" describes the changing characteristics in the Chinese family culture in the modern transitional period through the process of the Gao family‘s decline, a large family building of the Gentlemen, as reflecting the modern Chinese intellectuals’ traditions from the family’s window. The spirit of reflection and criticism of the ethical conception reveal the irrationality of the patriarchal feudal clan system, the inevitable fate of the collapse, and disintegration of such a system. Its conspicuous characteristics are shown in the "family novel". The death of the main character is an important narrative strategy adopted by the author to highlight the theme of the work.
According to the identity of the characters and the relevance to the theme of the works, "The Family" can be divided into "parent's death" and "female character's death". The two groups of people have different causes and methods to the death, and the author’s emotional tendency shows in the narrative process of the groups’ death events as forming a sharp contrast. The parents in the family, Gao Laoye, clearly demonstrated the personality characteristics of the patriarchal feudal family. He died in a furious manner. This way of death highlights the dictatorial and tyrant's general character.
"The Family" also describes the death of three female characters. Their deaths are much more tragic than the deaths of male characters, all of which are typical abnormal deaths. The character of forbearance and obedience is an important reason for pushing them to death. Ba Jin has a deep and sad feeling for the death of these female characters, which is in sharp contrast with the emotional tendency reflected in the description of the parents' death, which more vividly reflects the purpose of this work to criticize the traditional family culture.

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