미군정기의 외국인등록령에 관한 신문기사‒재일조선인 발행 신문기사를 중심으로‒ (Newspaper Articles on the Alien Registration Act published during the U.S. Occupation of Japan-)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일본근대학회
· 수록지 정보 : 일본근대학연구 / 68호 / 201 ~ 222페이지
· 저자명 : 이행화, 이경규

초록

재일조선인단체의 기관지인 「민단신문」와 「조련중앙시보」에 실린 외국인등록령 관련 기사를 통해서 외국인등록령 이후 재일조선인이 겪게 되는 사회문제들을 살펴보았다. 외국인등록령 실시는 결과적으로 재일조선인의 생존권을 제약하고 조선인을 탄압하는 도구로 삼을 것이라는 우려 속에서 시작되었다. 외국인등록령에는 법령과 달리 벌칙 규정이 엄중해졌다는 점에서 조선인을 탄압하려는 음모가 담겨져 있었다. 외국인등록령이 실시된지 얼마 지나지 않아 재일조선인 가택수색과 강제투옥 등 일본 정부의 인권 탄압, 재일조선인에 대한 식량배급 문제, 재산권 제한 문제 등 조선인들의 생존권을 위협하는 심각한 상황을 맞이하게 된다.
그때마다 생존권 사수를 위해 조직적으로 투쟁해가는 재일조선인들의 삶의 현장을 이들 마이너리티 신문기사를 통해서 확인할 수 있었다. 물론, 민단과 조련의 대처 방식에 상당한 차이가 있음 또한 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 재일조선인의 대처에는 본국의 정치 상황과 연동된 일본 내 조선인 민족 단체의 격한 대립에 숨은 이면을 반영하기도 했다. 이런 분열상에는 강력한 반공주의를 내세우며 우파를 지원하고, 교묘하게 분열을 조장하는 일본 정부와 GHQ의 의도도 함께 작동하고 있었다는 사실 또한 이들 재일조선인 마이너리티 신문의 기사를 통해서 확인할 수 있는 대목이었다.

영어초록

The research explores social problems with which zainichi Koreans in postwar Japan had to be confronted as the Alien Registration Act was promulgated in 1952, by analyzing the associated newspaper articles published in the two major zainichi Korean ethnic newspapers respectively – Chosen Soren Chuo Shibo朝連中央時報 and Mindan Shimbun民團新聞. This Act eventually came into effect amid fears that it might possibly be used as an effective legal tool on the Japanese side to oppress zainichi Koreans as well as to justify limits on their inalienable right to live: what lay behind its creation has been highly suspected in that the ordinance was allegedly designed to conspire to do so against them, particularly given its penal regulations having become unusually stricter as opposed to what it originally stipulated. Once the decree took effect, it became clear that zainichi Koreans could not help but face up to a series of life-threatening situations to themselves, those running the gamut from the then Japanese government’s violation of their human rights performed employing illegal house-search and forced imprisonment to limiting their food rationing and private property rights, for example.
And it was the zainichi ethnic newspaper articles as mentioned above that could considerably contribute to bringing to the fore how well and desperately zainichi Koreans have then organized themselves in their da-to-day lives to defend their natural rights to live in postwar Japan. Which also revealed simultaneously how differently Chongryon (The General Association of Korean Residents in Japan) and Mindan (The Korean Residents Union in Japan) have viewed and attended to this issue. It is also true that such an ideological divide distinct in zainichi Koreans’ response to it tends to imply in part what was behind all the fierce rivalries and confrontations that then took place between these two major zainichi Korean organizations in affiliation with political situations of their respective native countries. Through the analysis of zainichi ethnic newspaper articles can it be confirmed as well that such ideological schism deep-rooted in zainichi Korean communities manifests that, in fact, both the Japanese government and the GHQ jointly conspired to instigate it, supporting the right-wing groups under the banner of anti-communism.

참고자료

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