모아레등고선 촬영법을 활용한 머리뼈의 분석과 인구집단추정의 가능성 (Morphometric Analysis of the Skull by Moiré Contourography)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 대한체질인류학회
· 수록지 정보 : 해부·생물인류학 / 27권 / 3호 / 165 ~ 171페이지
· 저자명 : 김덕수, 고정식, 박경호, 박대균

초록

분석자의 숙련도에 따라 해석이 약간 달라질 수 있는 머리뼈의 비계측적 분석을 모아레등고선 촬영법을 활용하여 연구하였고, 성별과 인구집단을 추정하는 데 도움이 되는지를 조사하였다. 이 연구의 목적은 모아레등고선 촬영법이 머리뼈의 비계측적 분석을 보다 객관적으로 시행하는 데 도움이 되는지를 확인하기 위한 것이다.
미국 테네시대학 인류학과에서 보관하고 있는 William Bass collection에서 머리뼈(cranium) 134개(남성 87개,여성 47개)를 재료로 하였다. 모아레등고선을 발생시킬 수 있는 격자(master screen)와 카메라 사이의 거리는1.2m였고, 머리뼈는 두개지지기(craniophore)를 사용하여 해부학자세로 위치시킨 다음, 정면과 양쪽 옆면을 사진 촬영하였다.
정면에서 등고선은 역삼각형 모양(I), 역삼각형위에 삼각형이 연결된 모양(II), 마름모 모양(III)과 오각형 모양(IV)으로 구분할 수 있었고, 역삼각형 모양은 남성에서 가장 많이 관찰(53개-63%)되었고, 오각형 모양은 여성에서 가장 많이 관찰(26개-55%)되었다. 옆면은 쉼표 모양(I), 귀 모양(II), 화살표머리 모양(III)과 타원형 모양(IV)으로 구분할 수 있었고, 남성에서 쉼표 모양이나 귀 모양이 주로 관찰되었고, 여성에서 타원형 모양이 주로 관찰되었다.
모아레등고선을 분석한 결과 머리뼈를 사용하여 성별을 추정하는 데 있어서 비계측적 분석에서 발생할 수 있는 문제점을 보완할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다. 또한 이전 연구와 비교해 보았을 때, 머리뼈 옆면을 분석하는 것을 통해 한국인과 미국인을 구별하는 데에도 활용될 수 있는 가능성이 있다고 판단되었다.

영어초록

The non-metric analysis of the skulls is very useful for estimating sex and determination of ancestry,the accuracy tends to depend on the amount of experiences of the observers, and so inter-observer errors might behappened. Many researchers are trying to find out more objective methods for determination of ancestry. Thepurpose of this presentation is to show the usefulness of moiré contourography for analyzing the skull.
The master screen that is similar to the gratings was made by steel rods, which were arranged as equally spacedparallel lines. Halogen light source was illuminated by lantern slide projector. The skeletal materials were documentedcrania, composed of 87 male and 47 female, from William M. Bass Donated Skeletal Collection housedat the Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee. The skulls were placed just behind the master screenas anatomical position using cubic craniophore. The angle between the light source and camera was 65 , the distancebetween camera and the master screen was 1.2 m. Frontal view, left lateral and right lateral view were taken.
From the frontal view, fringe patterns were analyzed for first five contour lines which were mainly locatedaround the Glabella. The results were as followed; Type I for male was 53% and female was 4%; Type II formale was 29% and female was 2%; Type III for male was 2% and female was 15%; Type IV for male was 6%and female was 55%.
From the lateral view, fringe patterns were analyzed for first four contour lines. However, first and secondcontour lines were critical to determine the shape and the results were as followed; Type I for male was 52% andfemale was 22%; Type II for male was 38% and female was 26%; Type III for male was 8% and female was17%; Type IV for male was 2% and female was 35%.
According to this study, different fringe patterns might be dependent on the degree of development of bonemarker such as Glabella, Supercillary arch, Euryon and Mastoid process. For example, Supercillary arches werevery well developed and slope of forehead above the Glabella was declined, fringe pattern showed reverse triangleshape. If Supercillary arches were poorly developed and slope of forehead above the Glabella was flat, fringepattern showed home plate shape. The present research shows that moiré contourography might be used as moreobjective methods for estimating sex. And it would be helpful to determine the ancestry when the lateral aspectswere analyzed. In the future, continuing study need to be performed with same master screen for different ancestry.

참고자료

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