해방직후 좌⋅우파 계열 무도인들의 치안 활동 (Activities of Keeping Public Order among Right and Left Wing Martial Arts Practitioners right after Joseon's Liberation)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 대한무도학회
· 수록지 정보 : 대한무도학회지 / 22권 / 1호 / 1 ~ 12페이지
· 저자명 : 유성연, 남광우

초록

이 연구는 문헌연구를 통해 해방직후 좌⋅우파계열 무도인들의 건국치안대 결성과정, 치안활동, 해산과정에 대해 연구하였다. 이상의 관점에서 진행된 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 해방 직후 조선의 치안을 담당한 주체 세력은 중도좌파계열의 무도인들 이었다. 이들은 건국치안대를 창설하여 해방직후 조선의 치안을 담당하였지만 건국준비위원회 내부가 공산주의 세력에게 장악 당하게되고 여기에 미군정이 건국치안대의 치안활동은 불법으로 간주하면서 건국치안대는 해산하게 된다.
둘째, 해방직후 우파 세력에서는 YMCA격검반 사범이었던 강낙원을 건국치안대에 합류시키고자 하였다. 이에 강낙원은 보안대라는 우파 치안단체를 결성하여 건국치안대에 합류하고자 하였지만 중도좌파 무도인인 장권이 여기에 강력 반발하면서 우파진영의 건국치안대 합류는 불발되게 된다. 이러한 좌⋅우 무도인의 갈등은 건국준비위원회가 해산되는 중요한 원인 중 하나가 된다. 셋째, 미군정실시 이후 우파 치안세력의 중심이었던 강낙원은 이승만의 정치 결사단체인 대한청년단 최고위원으로 활동하며 좌파세력 척결에 앞장섰지만 6.25 전쟁 중 납북되면서 그를 따르던 우파 진영 무도인들의 치안활동은 막을 내리게 된다. 반면 중도 좌파 치안세력의 중심이었던 장권은 경무국장 후보 탈락 이후 자신이 직접 사회민주당을 창설하여 정치 일선에 뛰어들어 활동하지만 1948년 월북을 선택하면서 그를 따르던 무도인들은 좌파로 매도되어 고초를 겪게 된다.

영어초록

This study set out to investigate the process of forming a public order guard, doing activities to keep public order, and being dissolved among right and left wing martial arts practitioners right after Korea's liberation based on literature study. Conducted from this perspective, the study generated the following results: first, it was center-left martial arts practitioners that took the lead in keeping public order in Joseon right after its liberation. They formed a public order guard for the foundation of a state, taking charge in public order in Joseon right after its liberation. The preparation committee for the foundation of a state was dominated by the communist members, and the U. S. military government in Joseon considered the guard's activities to keep public order to be illegal. In the end, the guard was dissolved. Secondly, the right wing force tried to include Kang Nak-won, a fencing instructor at YMCA, in the public order guard for the foundation of a state right after Joseon's liberation. Kang also wanted to join the guard, forming a right wing public order group called Boandae. Jang Gwon, a center-left martial arts practitioner, was strongly against it, which made it impossible for the right wing force to join the guard. These conflicts between right and left wing martial artist became one of the important causes for the dissolution of the preparation committee for the foundation of a state. Finally, Kang Nak-won, who was at the center of the right wing force to keep public order after the U. S. military government was established in Joseon, was active as an executive member of the Great Korean Youth Corps, a political association formed by Syngman Rhee and took the lead in the eradication of the left wing force. He was, however, abducted to North Korea during the Korean War, which ended the activities to keep public order among the right wing martial arts practitioners that followed him. Jang Gwon, who was at the center of center-left force to keep public order, failed to make a candidate for the direction position of public affairs. He then formed a social democratic party himself and entered the political arena. He decided to defect to North Korea in 1948, which made the martial arts practitioners following him denounced as the left wing and put them in trouble.

참고자료

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