찰스 디킨즈의 『우리 둘 다 아는 친구』에 나타난 위험사회와 성찰적 근대성 (Risk Society and Reflexive Modernity in Charles Dickens's Our Mutual Friend)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 19세기영어권문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 19세기 영어권 문학 / 13권 / 2호 / 125 ~ 158페이지
· 저자명 : 임순희

초록

This essay investigates Charles Dickens's concern with the environmental, social, and moral risks of modernization manifested in Our Mutual Friend(1864-65), drawing on the theoretical model of 'risk society' elaborated by Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens, and Scott Lash.
Despite Ruskin's naming of Dickens as a “modernist” and “leader of steam-whistle party,” Dickens expressed a deep concern with the unwanted side effects of a rapid and inexorable modernization and took issue with the Victorian ideology of progress. According to Beck, risk society comes in the aftermath of the early industrial society and has to deal with hazards and insecurities induced and introduced by modernization itself. Beck, Giddens, and Lash all suggest that ‘simple modernization’ must give way to ‘reflexive modernization' which thoroughly reflects on the problems of technological disaster, ecological destruction, poverty, crime and so on.
In Our Mutual Friend, Dickens comes to grips with the uncontrollable development of London and its concomitant urban risks such as garbage, sewage, the filthy waters of the Thames, liquid capital, the disappearance of a trusty community. Dickens regards London as a social and moral wasteland where personal and social irresponsibility is prevalent. Therefore, he suggests a recycler's narrative of purification and regeneration in material, as well as moral terms. It is true that his ideal of sanitary regeneration inevitably fails in the long run. Nevertheless, Dickens's project is to renew the modernization process and introduce a responsible modernity which restores solidarity and mutual aid in the human community.

영어초록

This essay investigates Charles Dickens's concern with the environmental, social, and moral risks of modernization manifested in Our Mutual Friend(1864-65), drawing on the theoretical model of 'risk society' elaborated by Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens, and Scott Lash.
Despite Ruskin's naming of Dickens as a “modernist” and “leader of steam-whistle party,” Dickens expressed a deep concern with the unwanted side effects of a rapid and inexorable modernization and took issue with the Victorian ideology of progress. According to Beck, risk society comes in the aftermath of the early industrial society and has to deal with hazards and insecurities induced and introduced by modernization itself. Beck, Giddens, and Lash all suggest that ‘simple modernization’ must give way to ‘reflexive modernization' which thoroughly reflects on the problems of technological disaster, ecological destruction, poverty, crime and so on.
In Our Mutual Friend, Dickens comes to grips with the uncontrollable development of London and its concomitant urban risks such as garbage, sewage, the filthy waters of the Thames, liquid capital, the disappearance of a trusty community. Dickens regards London as a social and moral wasteland where personal and social irresponsibility is prevalent. Therefore, he suggests a recycler's narrative of purification and regeneration in material, as well as moral terms. It is true that his ideal of sanitary regeneration inevitably fails in the long run. Nevertheless, Dickens's project is to renew the modernization process and introduce a responsible modernity which restores solidarity and mutual aid in the human community.

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