워즈워스와 맬서스: ‘빈곤’과 ‘자립’을 바라보는 두 가지 경제학 (Wordsworth and Malthus: Two Economic Perspectives on ‘Poverty' and ‘Independence' of the Poor)

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초록

The year of 1798 is important in the literary history because Lyrical Ballads as a way of new “experiment” in literature was anonymously published. The year of 1798 is also significant in the field of political economy because a new volume of essays on “population principle” entitled An Essay on the Principle of Population was also anonymously published and attracted much attention, too. Though there was no record of Wordsworth meeting Malthus, both of them would have felt an affinity with each other because they shared much interest in the matters of agrarian abject poor, the vagrancy increment and the Poor Law Amendment, those most hot areas of contention amongst the English intellectuals at that time. Malthus was known as one of the firmest advocates of the total abolition of the Poor Law as he insisted in his Essay, while Wordsworth opposed to the “modern” and “scientific” attitude of the political economy embodied in its mathematical formulae and also its systematic administration of poverty through the institutionalized containment of the poor.
The purpose of this paper is to prove that Wordsworth's poem is literally about the way of emerging political economy and its principles, especially about his antipathy toward its economic depreciation of the beggars as both redundant population for the nation-state and latent productivity for the free labor market. In this way though Wordsworth was witness to the same economic reality of rural England as Malthus, he responded in a different way toward the dominant utilitarian perspective of modern economics on poverty, charity and Poor Law Amendment.

영어초록

The year of 1798 is important in the literary history because Lyrical Ballads as a way of new “experiment” in literature was anonymously published. The year of 1798 is also significant in the field of political economy because a new volume of essays on “population principle” entitled An Essay on the Principle of Population was also anonymously published and attracted much attention, too. Though there was no record of Wordsworth meeting Malthus, both of them would have felt an affinity with each other because they shared much interest in the matters of agrarian abject poor, the vagrancy increment and the Poor Law Amendment, those most hot areas of contention amongst the English intellectuals at that time. Malthus was known as one of the firmest advocates of the total abolition of the Poor Law as he insisted in his Essay, while Wordsworth opposed to the “modern” and “scientific” attitude of the political economy embodied in its mathematical formulae and also its systematic administration of poverty through the institutionalized containment of the poor.
The purpose of this paper is to prove that Wordsworth's poem is literally about the way of emerging political economy and its principles, especially about his antipathy toward its economic depreciation of the beggars as both redundant population for the nation-state and latent productivity for the free labor market. In this way though Wordsworth was witness to the same economic reality of rural England as Malthus, he responded in a different way toward the dominant utilitarian perspective of modern economics on poverty, charity and Poor Law Amendment.

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