南部東海岸地域靑銅器時代聚落의 變遷 (The Changes of Settlement at the South-Eastern Area on Bronze Age)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국상고사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국상고사학보 / 79권 / 79호 / 109 ~ 144페이지
· 저자명 : 박영구

초록

본 고에서는 남부동해안지역 중 포항, 경주 및 울산지역 중 최근에 조사가 활발히 이루어진 해안에 입지한 청동기시대 취락의 주거구조 및 출토유물에 대한 분석을 통해 취락의 편년작업을 시행하고, 취락의 변천양상을 살펴보았다.
남부동해안지역은 전기전엽에는 장방형 주거에 석상위석식노, 주초석이 학인되며, 토기는 이중구연요소가 출토되고, 전기중엽에는 장방형 주거에 무시설식 노가 설치되고, 이중구연요소와 공열이 결합하는 양상에서, 전기후엽에는 점차 이중구연이 퇴화 및 소멸되고, 공열단사선과 공열의 형태로 존재한다. 울산식 주거가 정형화되는 중기에도 공열은 여전히 지속되고, 공열과 단사선(낟알문)의 형태로 조합된다. 중기후반에는 공열이 거의 소멸되면서 낟알문도 횡선문으로 변화하고, 무문토기화 되어가는 양상을 보여주고 있다.
남부동해안지역 청동기시대 취락은 동일한 구릉과 충적대지 내에서 시간차이를 두고 장기간 점유되는 양상을 보인다. 반면에 하천지역과는 달리 경주와 울산지역의 해안지역에서는 울산식 주거가 중심이 되는 대규모 취락만이 조성된다.
남부동해안지역 청동기시대 취락의 시기별 분포양상은 조기에 해당하는 취락은 현재까지 확인되지 않는다. 전기전엽의 1기는 하천 주변 충적대지에 입지하며, 장방형 주거에 석상위석식노와 주초석이 설치된 포항 월포리유적이 해당한다. 복합문의 흔암리식 토기와 주거가 확인되는 2~3기 취락은 대부분 포항지역의 하천주변 구릉과 일부 충적대지에서 확인되며, 해안지역에서는 유일하게 삼정1리 취락이 확인되었다. 4기에는 공열 및 검단리식 토기가 출토되는 울산식 주거가 확인되며, 포항, 경주, 울산의 해안지역에 취락이 증가하며, 대규모로 확인된다. 5기에는 횡선문토기와 울산식 주거가 중심으로 대부분 울산 해안지역을 중심으로 확인되며, 포항지역에서는 소규모로 확인된다.

영어초록

In this research, we have been explored and made the chronicle of settlement area by analyzing dwelling pattern and excavated artifact of bronze era which are located in Pohang, Gyeoungju, Ulsan area in south-eastern costal area where archeological expedition has been done actively. In these areas,we identified Stone floor-Stone-lined hearth, the Foundation stone, double mouth rim elements which had been excavated on the rectangular dwelling site for early stage of bronze era. And non-facility bare ground had been put into rectangular dwelling site which had shown mixed pattern of double mouth rim elements and Rim-perforated pottery during the mid era of early stage but double mouthrim elements had been degraded and finally extinguished, the shape of rim perforated & rimperforated diagonal line pottery existed in the late era of early stage on bronze period. During the middle era of Bronze Age, Rim-perforated pottery was still existed along with standardization of dwelling pattern which named as Ulsan dwelling site and it was combined with the pattern of rimperforated and single diagonal line (single dot pottery pattern) but rim-perforated pattern had been almost extinguished, single dot pottery pattern had been turn into a horizontal line pattern and pottery had become patternless earthenware in the late middle ear of bronze age.
The dwelling area of south-east costal area had been showed to extend area for a long time between hilly districts and alluvial site with time lag at the riverside but costal area of Gyeoungju and Ulsan showed large dwelling site (which is named Ulsan dwelling site) had been established.
The dwelling site which was existed during the initial stage of Bronze Age has not been excavated or founded. Distribution pattern of the dwelling site during the Bronze Age in the south eastern costal area has defined into 5 stages for early-initial period on the Bronze Age.
Dwelling site for the First stage was located on the All uvial site near riverside and it is rectangular shape which had Stone floor-Stone-lined hearth and The Foundation stone. The Wolpo-ri site is the one for representing first stage dwelling site. Dwelling site of Second and Third stage has been founded in the pattern of Heunam-ri pottery and residential site which had compound door and most of this dwelling site had been founded at the alluvial area and hilly area of riverside at the Pohang. Samjung1-ri is the only dwelling site which has same character at the coastal area.
Dwelling pattern for the 4th stage is the Ulsan dwelling site which Geomdan-ri type pottery was excavated. It has bee n identified as massive dwelling site and showed increase of numbers for dwelling site in the coastal area of Pohang, Gyeoungju, and Ulsan.
At the 5th stage, adeviant increase horizontal line pottery and Ulsan dwelling site pattern is mostly founded at the Ulsan coastal area and small portion of site has been identified at Pohang area.

참고자료

· 없음