19세기초 自如道 驛人의 구성과 그 실태 － 自如道 形止案의 분석을 중심으로 － (A Research on the Actual Condition of the Workers on the Jayeudo Stations in the Early 19th Century)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 역사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 역사학보 / 201호 / 87 ~ 124페이지
· 저자명 : 우인수

초록

This thesis research on Census register of Jayeudo(自如道) stations, which was discovered quite lately. Census register of Jayeudo stations was framed in 1804 and discovered after Kimcheondo(金泉道) and Songrado(松羅道) were found out. It was pretty useful to study a state and organization of single station district thanks to its absolutely good preservation without any defect. This thesis is quite meaningful to analyze station district and introduce it to the academic world for the first time.
Jayeudo stations, one of 11 station district in Kyeongsang(慶尙) province, had competence over a subordinate office of Kyeongsang province area nearby Kimhea(金海) and Changwon(昌原). And it was about 15 stations including Jayeudo station, the major one. The scale of station was various. For example, while about 2,000 station workers served in major station, there were only 300 workers or even 50 worked in substitute station. Here, I'll introduce some facts found out from studying Census register.
Structure and organization of early 19th century's all Jayeudo station workers could be revealed from the study. Classifying them into official clerks of station, servants and Ilsu(日守), here's some brief explanation for each. Official clerks of station, part of the station workers, were classified into regular clerks of station(元驛吏) and irregular clerks of station(流驛吏). There were 3,415 in total and regular clerks of station were 2,519 which is about 73.8% while irregular clerks of station were 896, 26.2%. The fact that there was discrimination between regular clerks of station and irregular clerks of station seems to prove that some needs to distinguish official clerks of station between themselves were raised. And researching surnames of official clerks, I could find out there were two or single major family names in each station. It seems this feature stems from their characteristics, aboriginal inhabitation and heredity of their jobs. A residential district of station clerks tended to be close to where their workplace, a station, was located. And their age, between grownups and young people, showed a ratio of 55 to 45. After adjusting for age, I could find out that they, purposely, reported their age younger than real trying to postpone a burden of obligations, which belongs to their offsprings.
The population of station servants between station workers was quite small. In Jayeudo stations, the major one, there were only 146 servants and usually there were none in substitute stations. The proportion of males to females in Jayeudo station was in the ratio of 6 to 4. According to research about social status of parents of station servants, a source of their supply were mostly in case their maternal line were female servants. Also, based on lots of cases, I could find out that most of the female servants married to commoners, which means marriages between two individuals from different social position were kinds of common affairs at that time.
The population of Ilsu was small, just same as station servants. Except 36 people who belongs to Jayedo station, the major one, there was almost no one in substitute stations. And unlike station servants, not any certain people from same family name were majority. It seems they were employed rather than being transmitted by heredity.

영어초록

This thesis research on Census register of Jayeudo(自如道) stations, which was discovered quite lately. Census register of Jayeudo stations was framed in 1804 and discovered after Kimcheondo(金泉道) and Songrado(松羅道) were found out. It was pretty useful to study a state and organization of single station district thanks to its absolutely good preservation without any defect. This thesis is quite meaningful to analyze station district and introduce it to the academic world for the first time.
Jayeudo stations, one of 11 station district in Kyeongsang(慶尙) province, had competence over a subordinate office of Kyeongsang province area nearby Kimhea(金海) and Changwon(昌原). And it was about 15 stations including Jayeudo station, the major one. The scale of station was various. For example, while about 2,000 station workers served in major station, there were only 300 workers or even 50 worked in substitute station. Here, I'll introduce some facts found out from studying Census register.
Structure and organization of early 19th century's all Jayeudo station workers could be revealed from the study. Classifying them into official clerks of station, servants and Ilsu(日守), here's some brief explanation for each. Official clerks of station, part of the station workers, were classified into regular clerks of station(元驛吏) and irregular clerks of station(流驛吏). There were 3,415 in total and regular clerks of station were 2,519 which is about 73.8% while irregular clerks of station were 896, 26.2%. The fact that there was discrimination between regular clerks of station and irregular clerks of station seems to prove that some needs to distinguish official clerks of station between themselves were raised. And researching surnames of official clerks, I could find out there were two or single major family names in each station. It seems this feature stems from their characteristics, aboriginal inhabitation and heredity of their jobs. A residential district of station clerks tended to be close to where their workplace, a station, was located. And their age, between grownups and young people, showed a ratio of 55 to 45. After adjusting for age, I could find out that they, purposely, reported their age younger than real trying to postpone a burden of obligations, which belongs to their offsprings.
The population of station servants between station workers was quite small. In Jayeudo stations, the major one, there were only 146 servants and usually there were none in substitute stations. The proportion of males to females in Jayeudo station was in the ratio of 6 to 4. According to research about social status of parents of station servants, a source of their supply were mostly in case their maternal line were female servants. Also, based on lots of cases, I could find out that most of the female servants married to commoners, which means marriages between two individuals from different social position were kinds of common affairs at that time.
The population of Ilsu was small, just same as station servants. Except 36 people who belongs to Jayedo station, the major one, there was almost no one in substitute stations. And unlike station servants, not any certain people from same family name were majority. It seems they were employed rather than being transmitted by heredity.

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