관동대지진 이후 일본의 제도(帝都)부흥사업과 한인 노동자 - 건축자재 자갈의 공급을 중심으로 - (Japan Imperial Restoration Project and Korean Workers After Great Kanto Earthquake - Focusing on the supply of construction materials of pebble -)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한일민족문제학회
· 수록지 정보 : 韓日民族問題硏究 / 31호 / 5 ~ 52페이지
· 저자명 : 김광열

초록

本論文は、日本政府が関東大震災によって破壊された首都東京を復旧しようと1924年から実施した帝都復興事業によって建築材料の砂利の需要が急増し、その砂利を供給する労働力として多数の朝鮮人が存在したことを究明しようとするものである。帝都復興事業を、当時日本首都圏の河川の砂利採集場に多くの朝鮮人労働者が存在した直接的な背景として検討した先行研究は見られない。したがって、本論文では帝都復興事業を実施した行政当局などの資料を用いて砂利の需要が急増した状況や、職業紹介所などの資料を用いて砂利の供給ラインを多数の朝鮮人労働者が支えていたことについて詮索した。 帝都復興事業は道路工事を中心とした運河、公園などの社会間接資本を再建する大規模の土木事業で、莫大な建築資材の需要を生じさせた。なかんずく輸入ができなかった資材である砂利を確保することが緊急の大事であった。それを充足させるために東京周辺を流れる複数の河川で多くの砂利採集場が運営された。民間資本は生産量が増えた砂利を主な消費地である東京により多く輸送するために鉄道路線を増設した。そして、その砂利供給ラインの最前線である採取現場には多数の朝鮮人労働者が働いていたことが確認できる。当時、生計を立てるために渡日した朝鮮人が増えつつあったが、彼らの中にはきつい肉体労働であるがゆえに十分な労働力を確保しえなかった砂利採取業の現場に流入した者が多かった。 帝都復興事業は1930年に一段落して首都東京の面貌を一新させたが、その進捗過程において存在した数多くの朝鮮人による労働も記憶されるべきであろう。

영어초록

The main purpose of this paper is to show that the demand of pebble as necessary construction material rose rapidly and the workforce to support the supply of pebble included a lot of Korean workers due to the civil engineering project of Imperial City Restoration Project by Japanese government in order to restore the capital city of Tokyo destroyed by Great Kanto Earthquake in September, 1923. There has not been the detailed research on large civil engineering project of Imperial City Restoration Project behind the Korean workers dispatched in gravel pit near the stream of metropolitan area of Japan after 1923.
This paper finds that the demand of pebble rose dramatically as a result of large civil engineering project by utilizing the data of administration authority which implemented Imperial City Restoration Project and a great number of Koreans worked during the process to satisfy the demand of pebble by utilizing data of employment agencies. The Imperial City Restoration Project caused a lot of demands of construction materials and in particular securing pebble as the urgent task emerged. To satisfy this, a lot of pebble pits near the stream in Tokyo was managed. The Imperial City Restoration Department used to manage pebble pits directly. The railroad built with private fund was extended in order to deliver pebbles produced increasingly to Tokyo, a main consumer of pebble. And we found that many Korean workers from Japanese colony were provided to pebble pits of frontline of pebble. The work in pebble pits was a very hard physical labor and workers had to work by groups, which caused difficulties in securing workforce and made subcontractors keep wage affordable. At that time a lot of Korean workers who moved to Japan to make their living often had to work in pebble pits.
The Imperial City Restoration Project ended in 1930 and made a contribution to restoring the city of Tokyo. We need to keep in mind that Korean labor force served as a role during the process.

참고자료

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