15세기 중·후반~16세기 道學運動의 전개와 松堂學派의 활동 (Evolution of Moral Movement and Activities of Songdang School from the Mid- and Late 15th Century until 16th Century)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 역사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 역사학보 / 202호 / 1 ~ 47페이지
· 저자명 : 김성우

초록

Since Kim Jong-jik adopted Neo-Confucianism as an ideological armament for his political circle in the mid- and late 15th century, it kept expanding its influence over the entire Seoul and Gyeonggi regions in late 15th and early 16th century thanks to the role of Kim Goeng-pil, who hoisted the banner of moral movement. Later, moral movement took firm roots in intellectual society as a key thought to check the wild despotism and tyranny of the monarchs and meritorious elites during the reign of King Yeonsangun. The movement was sublimated into political movement by Jo Gwang-jo and his Neo-Confucian literati followers in the early period of King Jungjong’s reign(1515~1519).
Moral movement, which was started by Kim Goeng-pil in late 15th　century　and　reached　its　culmination　under　the　leadership　of　Jo　Gwang-jo　in　the　early　16th　century,　continued　to　gather　forces　among　younger　generation　of　literati　and　bureaucrats　at　its　regional　base　of　Seoul.　At　that　time,　Seonsan,　hometown　of　Kim　Jong-jik　and　Kim　Goeng-pil,　also　saw　rise　of　the　moral　movement　amid　the　influence　from　the　capital　city　and　the　intellectual　atmosphere　of　the　region　as　a　leading　Neo-Confucian　town　of　the　nation.　The　moral　movement　in　Seonsan　was　kindled　by　Jeong　Bung,　a　disciple　of　Kim　Goeng-pil,　and　Park　Yeong,　Jeong’s　disciple,　developed　the　movement　further.　Park　Yeong,　in　particular,　was　a　key　figure　of　the　moral　movement　in　the　early　and　mid-16th　century,　in　that　he　succeeded　in　rekindling　the　movement　by　forming　Songdang　school　along　with　Kim　chui- Seong　and　Park　Un　at　a　time　when　the　relationship　between　teacher　and　disciples　was　at　the　peril　in　the　wake　of　the　Purge　of　1519.
Songdang school was noted for producing many faithful literati and bureaucrats during the politically tumultuous years of 1544~1545 after the sudden demise of King Injong and enthronement of King Myeongjong. The school’s fame as a group of most faithful literati ironically resulted in victimizing many of the school members during the Purge of 1545. In spite of the ordeals, Songdang school took up the historically crucial role of forerunning such prominent intellectual circle as Hwadam school of Seo Gyeong-deok, Toegye school of Yi Hwang and Nammyeong school of Jo Sik, which emerged after 1550s. However, Songdang school suffered downfall amid the political crisis in 1565~1567, following the Purge of 1545. The downfall was due to complicated reasons of aging of the school members, limitations in their academic research and lack of the will of the younger members of the school to sustain the intellectual community. Amid the disarray of the school, the first generation of Songdang scholars was absorbed into Toegye school and second generation into Seoae school of Yu Seong-ryong and Yeoheon School of Jang Hyeon-gwang.

영어초록

Since Kim Jong-jik adopted Neo-Confucianism as an ideological armament for his political circle in the mid- and late 15th century, it kept expanding its influence over the entire Seoul and Gyeonggi regions in late 15th and early 16th century thanks to the role of Kim Goeng-pil, who hoisted the banner of moral movement. Later, moral movement took firm roots in intellectual society as a key thought to check the wild despotism and tyranny of the monarchs and meritorious elites during the reign of King Yeonsangun. The movement was sublimated into political movement by Jo Gwang-jo and his Neo-Confucian literati followers in the early period of King Jungjong’s reign(1515~1519).
Moral movement, which was started by Kim Goeng-pil in late 15th　century　and　reached　its　culmination　under　the　leadership　of　Jo　Gwang-jo　in　the　early　16th　century,　continued　to　gather　forces　among　younger　generation　of　literati　and　bureaucrats　at　its　regional　base　of　Seoul.　At　that　time,　Seonsan,　hometown　of　Kim　Jong-jik　and　Kim　Goeng-pil,　also　saw　rise　of　the　moral　movement　amid　the　influence　from　the　capital　city　and　the　intellectual　atmosphere　of　the　region　as　a　leading　Neo-Confucian　town　of　the　nation.　The　moral　movement　in　Seonsan　was　kindled　by　Jeong　Bung,　a　disciple　of　Kim　Goeng-pil,　and　Park　Yeong,　Jeong’s　disciple,　developed　the　movement　further.　Park　Yeong,　in　particular,　was　a　key　figure　of　the　moral　movement　in　the　early　and　mid-16th　century,　in　that　he　succeeded　in　rekindling　the　movement　by　forming　Songdang　school　along　with　Kim　chui- Seong　and　Park　Un　at　a　time　when　the　relationship　between　teacher　and　disciples　was　at　the　peril　in　the　wake　of　the　Purge　of　1519.
Songdang school was noted for producing many faithful literati and bureaucrats during the politically tumultuous years of 1544~1545 after the sudden demise of King Injong and enthronement of King Myeongjong. The school’s fame as a group of most faithful literati ironically resulted in victimizing many of the school members during the Purge of 1545. In spite of the ordeals, Songdang school took up the historically crucial role of forerunning such prominent intellectual circle as Hwadam school of Seo Gyeong-deok, Toegye school of Yi Hwang and Nammyeong school of Jo Sik, which emerged after 1550s. However, Songdang school suffered downfall amid the political crisis in 1565~1567, following the Purge of 1545. The downfall was due to complicated reasons of aging of the school members, limitations in their academic research and lack of the will of the younger members of the school to sustain the intellectual community. Amid the disarray of the school, the first generation of Songdang scholars was absorbed into Toegye school and second generation into Seoae school of Yu Seong-ryong and Yeoheon School of Jang Hyeon-gwang.

참고자료

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