唐에서 再建된 百濟 (Baekje Reconstructed in the Tang Domain)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 경성대학교 인문과학연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 인문학논총 / 15권 / 1호 / 103 ~ 124페이지
· 저자명 : 이도학

초록

본고는 百濟史의 終焉 時點과 관련해서 연구가 시작되었다. 일반적으로 660년 7월에 의자왕이 羅唐軍에 항복한 때를 백제 멸망으로 云謂하는 경우가 많았다. 그러나 조선 후기의 학자들은 백제인들이 무력으로써 국권을 회복하려고 하다가 실패한 663년 9월로 지목하였다. 이렇게 볼 때 국가회복운동의 정점에서 왕을 칭했던 풍왕은 백제 제32대 왕이 된다. 이후 唐에 의해서 의자왕의 아들인 扶餘隆을 수반으로 하는 정권인 熊津都督府가 출범했다. 그러한 웅진도독부는 신라의 공격으로 672년에 해체되었다. 웅진도독부의 종언은 백제사의 마침표로 지목되었다. 그런데 『삼국사기』나 『구당서』와 『신당서』 등에 보면 백제의 멸망과 관련해 그 영역이 신라 뿐 아니라 발해말갈로 분할되었다고 기술되어 있다. 그러나 이 구절을 誤謬로 간주하여 무시하거나 看過하는 경우가 많았다. 본고에서는 『삼국사기』등의 사서에서 백제 멸망 관련 기사의 末尾에 적힌 문구가 지닌 의미를 적극적으로 재검토하고자 했다. 그럼으로써 백제에 설치된 웅진도독부가 해체된 이후 唐으로 옮겨간 그 유민들의 존재 방식을 새롭게 究明하고자 하였다.

영어초록

Historical works including Samkugsagi record that the domain of Baekje was inherited by Silla and Palhae Malgal. Since people did not grasp the exact meaning of this record, most considered it as an error. Yet, it was not an error. Because the displaced from Baekje were involved in the reconstructed Wungjindodokbu(熊津都督府) in Tang(唐) even though Baekje was demolished in the Korean peninsular. The Tang dynasty once allowed the displaced from Koguryŏ to stay in Yodong as King Pojang their head. This group of people became the origin of the so-called Small Koguryŏguk. Tang also hosted the displaced from Baekje led by PuYŏ yung(扶餘隆), the Wungjindodok, in Kŏnangosŏng(建安故城). This is the similar case with the so-called Small Koguryŏguk. As a result of this relocation, Kŏnangosŏng produced many remarkable soldiers to leave an impressive military record in Tangyŏng.
The Baekje residential area in Kŏnangosŏng is nominally an independent sovereign state. Pu Yŏyung was similarly throned as King Taebanggun(帶方郡王) as his grandfather King Mu or his father King Euja had received it from the Tang dynasty. This hereditary crowning of kings was confirmed to be continued until Pu Yŏkyŏng(扶餘敬), Pu yŏyung's grandson. Pu Yŏkyŏng in the reign of Chukchonmuhu (625-705) was not the last king throned by Tang in Kŏnangosŏng. Pu Yŏsung(扶餘崇), who came sometime later than Pu Yŏkyŏng, was also known to be throned as King Taebanggun, ‘the king for Baekje’.
The Baekje kingdom in Kŏnangosŏng was merged by Parhae in either the mid eighth century or the early ninth century that had extended its influence to the Yodong area. The Baekje that had continued its life in the domain of Tang finally lost its existence in history. Historical books referred to this fact as a reason for their evaluation that “The land was already divided by Silla and Parhae Malgal to discontinue its life as a nation.”Now the history of Baekje should include not only the part of Wungjindodokbu that had existed in the Korean peninsular until 672 but the reconstructed one in China either till the mid eighth century or till the early ninth century. The grandeur of the history of its almost 800 years far surpassing 700 years should not be underestimated. It is a new face of Baekje history revealed.

참고자료

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