1903년 영국 자유당과 노동당의 선거협약의 배경과 의미 (Background of the Electoral Pact between the Liberal Party and the Labour Party in 1903 and Its Effect on British Politics)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국서양사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 서양사론 / 109호 / 12 ~ 41페이지
· 저자명 : 최재희

초록

This paper surveys the background and the effect of the secret electoral pact between Herbert Gladstone, the Liberal Chief Whip,and Ramsay MacDonald, the Secretary of the Labour Representation Committee (LRC) that was designed to avoid the three-cornered contests at the next general election.
Electoral calculation was important, especially after the debacle of the 1900 election, in prompting the Liberal strategy of incorporation rather than confrontation. In spite of its utmost effort to convert the trade unions to the idea of independent Labour representation, the LRC would suffer from the moderate beginnings and uncertain future and could make a very little impression.
The results of the general election of 1906 seemed to show the pact to be a mutually advantageous arrangement. In twenty-four of the thirty seats successfully contested by the LRC, there was no opposition from the Liberal candidates. The Liberal won the landslide victory and twenty-nine LRC candidates were returned.
Given the fortunes, however, of the two partners over the next twenty years, the effect of the pact should be regarded differently.
As for the Liberal of the propertied interests, this pact was not for the admission of increasing social and political aspiration of the working class, but an expedient. Given that the pact was not a policy coalition,it was a starting point for the Labour to represent the semi-official Radical wings of the Liberal.

영어초록

This paper surveys the background and the effect of the secret electoral pact between Herbert Gladstone, the Liberal Chief Whip,and Ramsay MacDonald, the Secretary of the Labour Representation Committee (LRC) that was designed to avoid the three-cornered contests at the next general election.
Electoral calculation was important, especially after the debacle of the 1900 election, in prompting the Liberal strategy of incorporation rather than confrontation. In spite of its utmost effort to convert the trade unions to the idea of independent Labour representation, the LRC would suffer from the moderate beginnings and uncertain future and could make a very little impression.
The results of the general election of 1906 seemed to show the pact to be a mutually advantageous arrangement. In twenty-four of the thirty seats successfully contested by the LRC, there was no opposition from the Liberal candidates. The Liberal won the landslide victory and twenty-nine LRC candidates were returned.
Given the fortunes, however, of the two partners over the next twenty years, the effect of the pact should be regarded differently.
As for the Liberal of the propertied interests, this pact was not for the admission of increasing social and political aspiration of the working class, but an expedient. Given that the pact was not a policy coalition,it was a starting point for the Labour to represent the semi-official Radical wings of the Liberal.

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