서울 방언의 단모음 변화 연구: 중세부터 현대까지 (A Study of Vowel Shift in Seoul Korean.)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국현대언어학회
· 수록지 정보 : 언어연구 / 31권 / 4호 / 979 ~ 998페이지
· 저자명 : 이주희, 윤규철, 변군혁

초록

The aim of this paper is to find diachronic and synchronic evidence showing the vowel shift in Seoul Korean. The main difference in the pronunciation of Middle Korean between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries is in the value of the vowel ‘eo’(e>ə). The centralized vowel ‘eoㅓ’(ə) triggered the raising of ‘ㅡ’(ə>ɨ). Consequently, the vowel ‘ㅜ’(ü>u) became a back vowel, and the vowel ‘ㆍ’(ɔ>Ʌ) shifted to the lower tongue position. On the other hand, there is synchronic evidence that reveals two distinct sounds, /e/ and /ɛ/, which merged in the twentieth century but not early in the century, and acoustic analyses of the vowel formants of /u/ and /o/ as well as their Euclidean distances in the vowel space were undertaken with respect to the on-going merger of these two vowels. In this study, the vowel formants of Korean from read speech were compared to the Korean corpus of spontaneous speech. From Korean corpus of spontaneous speech, we used thirty adult male and female speakers aged from the 20s to the 40s. The results indicated that the formant distribution of spontaneous speech was significantly different from that of read Korean. That is, 1) the formant distribution of /o/ is higher than /u/; 2) more fronting and lowering of /u/ is observed; 3) traditional phonological category does not match with the results of (1) and (2).

영어초록

The aim of this paper is to find diachronic and synchronic evidence showing the vowel shift in Seoul Korean. The main difference in the pronunciation of Middle Korean between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries is in the value of the vowel ‘eo’(e>ə). The centralized vowel ‘eoㅓ’(ə) triggered the raising of ‘ㅡ’(ə>ɨ). Consequently, the vowel ‘ㅜ’(ü>u) became a back vowel, and the vowel ‘ㆍ’(ɔ>Ʌ) shifted to the lower tongue position. On the other hand, there is synchronic evidence that reveals two distinct sounds, /e/ and /ɛ/, which merged in the twentieth century but not early in the century, and acoustic analyses of the vowel formants of /u/ and /o/ as well as their Euclidean distances in the vowel space were undertaken with respect to the on-going merger of these two vowels. In this study, the vowel formants of Korean from read speech were compared to the Korean corpus of spontaneous speech. From Korean corpus of spontaneous speech, we used thirty adult male and female speakers aged from the 20s to the 40s. The results indicated that the formant distribution of spontaneous speech was significantly different from that of read Korean. That is, 1) the formant distribution of /o/ is higher than /u/; 2) more fronting and lowering of /u/ is observed; 3) traditional phonological category does not match with the results of (1) and (2).

참고자료

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