“的”字短语的翻译浅谈 (On the Translation of “De”-phrase)

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· 발행기관 : 한국중국학회
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· 저자명 : 이철근

초록

本文全面论述了各类“的”字短语构成特点和韩译技巧，主要观点可概括如下:
a. 韩国语中没有与“的”字短语完全对应的结构，翻译时需根据“的”字短语的类型及其语义特点选择与其对应的韩国语对译形式。
b. 借助提示成分确定隐性中心语是准确对译“的”字短语的关键。翻译时，首先需结合不同类型的“的”字短语的内部提示和外部提示确定隐性中心语的语义角色和具体所指，然后选择与该“的”字短语相对应的词语加以对译。
　c. 除一些表达完整概念的“的”字短语可以用单词对译以外，绝大多数的“的”字短语都需要用韩国语的偏正短语对译，一部分替代“事”、“物”的“的”字短语可以用“것”字短语对译，也可用中心语为隐性中心语名词的偏正短语对译，而替代人的“的”字短语则只能用中心语为隐性中心语名词的偏正短语对译。
　d. “V了/着/过+的”替代的隐性中心语为施事或受事，其中的“了”、“着”、“过”呈现的是相对时功能。翻译成韩国语时，需根据“了”、“着”、“过”所表示的不同的相对时意义选择中心语为施事或受事名词、定语为带有相应定语时制词尾的偏正短语加以对译。

영어초록

This paper discusses the characteristics of all kinds of “de”-phrases and techniques of Korean translation, and the main points of view can be summarized as follows: a. There is no structure corresponding to “de”-phrase in Korean, therefore in translation, we should choose the corresponding form of Korean translation according to the type and semantic features of “de”-phrase.
b. It is the key to determine the recessive headword accurately by means of prompt parts. In translation, we first need to combine the inner prompt and external prompt of different types of “de”-phrases to determine the role and specific meaning of the rerecessive headword, then choose a word or phrase corresponding to the “de”-phrase to translate.
c. some of “de”-phrases that express the complete concept may be translated in a word, but most of “de”-phrases need to be translated in modifier-head phrase in Korean. Some “de”-phrases used to refer "matter", "object" can be translated in modifier-head phrases that the incomplete noun acts as a head moun，can also be translated in modifier-head phrases that recessive headword acts as a head moun, but the "de"-phrases used to refer to people only can be translated in modifier-head phrases that recessive headword acts as a head moun.
d. The recessive headword that “Ｖ＋Le/Zhe/Guo+De” replace is an agent or object, and among them, “Le”, “Zhe” and “Guo” expresses relative temporal function. When translating it into Korean, wo must select the modifier-head phrase that the verb with the corresponding suffix of tense acts as attributethe, recessive headword (agent or object) acts as head mounn according to the different relative tense meaning of “Le”, “Zhe” and “Guo”.

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