Political Changes in the DRC and the Contextualization of Bakongo People’s Identity: Based on Ne Muanda Nsemi, BDK and BDM

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국아프리카학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국아프리카 학회지 / 54권 / 1호 / 1 ~ 48페이지
· 저자명 : 김광수

초록

The Bundu dia Congo (hereinafter BDK) was established in 1969 by Muanda Nsemi, who is believed to be a Messiah by Bakongo people. BDK’s identity is a continuation of Alliance des Bakongo (hereinafter ABAKO) which is the political, religious, and cultural organization that emerged in 1950. Nsemi also formed the political party known as Bundu dia Mayala (BDM) in 2008, but was formally accredited by the DRC government on September 30, 2015. Since then, BDK has been legally banned by the DRC Appeared on stage. BDM was formally accredited by the DRC government on September 30, 2015, after which BDK legally appeared into the political scene of DRC through the BDM.
On March 3, 2017, the DRC government arrested and detained Muanda Nsemi, who is the leader of the BDK, and president of BDM, along with other core members of BDK accusing them for the cause of violence in the Congo Central state. On May 17, 2017, BDK attacked the Makala Prison in the capital city Kinshasa, and 50 BDK members including Muanda Nsemi escaped, which made the future of BDK and BDM as well as Muanda Nsemi to become uncertain. It is difficult to know whether this happened due to the illegal activity of the BDK, or the intended action of President Joseph Kabila to create a legitimate reason in extending his regime by suppressing the emergence of a massive opposition party and as well as small political parties like the BDM.
Currently, all activities of Muanda Nsemi, BDK and BDM have been banned, and the political activities of the Bakongo people are under government surveillance. In the future, this situation is likely to be closely linked to Joseph Kabila's "governance".
The DRC's political situation in 2017 has led to repression of BDK and BDM, and it is moving into a situation that could prove these concerns. As long as political instability persists, the oppression of the Bakongo people will further strengthen and the Bakongo people will be forced to resist the resistance. One way is to select federalism and local autonomy to develop into a unified state while protecting the interests of individual ethnic groups after the democratic and peaceful regime change. But the current situation is very fluid.

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