취치우바이(瞿秋白) 문학, 최후의 3년 —취치우바이－루쉰 〈공동집필잡감(共同執筆雜感)〉(1933)과 《부질없는 이야기[多餘的話]》(1935)를 중심으로 (Quqiubai (瞿秋白) Literature, the Last Three Years: Focusing upon Luxun(鲁迅) 〈Coauthorized Miscellanies〉(1933) and 《The Superfluous Words[多餘的話]》(1935))

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국중국어문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 중국문학 / 103권 / 153 ~ 178페이지
· 저자명 : 이보고

초록

본 논문은 취치우바이 생애 마지막 3년간의 문학 실천을 다시 읽고자 하였다. 취치우바이문학의 마지막 3년은 바로 1933년 초에서 1935년 ５월까지의 기간이다. 주로 다룬 텍스트는상하이에서 루쉰의 도움으로 은거하던 시절 집필했던 루쉰-취치우바이 〈공동집필잡감〉과 국민당 군에게 체포되어 처형되기 직전 집필한 《부질없는 이야기(多餘的話)》이다. 그는 루쉰과의 공동 집필을 통해 중국의 사회계급 분화의 양상을 가감 없이 표현해 내면서, 루쉰의 글이만들어 내고 있는 이른바 중국 사회의 “혁명전통”을 이어가는 문학적 연대를 몸소 실천해 보였다. 반면, 《부질없는 이야기》에서는 자신이 가지고 있는 신사계급의 한계를 스스로 인정하고, 인생의 마지막 순간 “혁명가”로서 살아온 “문인”의 심경을 고백하면서 끝없는 자기응시를보여준다. 본 논문은 취치우바이 문학의 이 같은 최후 ３년은 자기해부를 통한 일종의 “문학적 숭고”를 냉철하게 구현해 낸 시기였다고 판단한다.

영어초록

This paper tried to read again the literary practice of Quqiubai for his last 3 years. The last 3 years of Quqiubai’s literature are the period from the first half of 1933 to 1935, May. This period is in which Quqiubai was forced out of the Nationalist Party and hid himself in Shanghai only to run away to Ruijin that is the Jiangxi Soviet. Later, he was aisled in Ruijin and due to the 5th Communist subjugation of the Nationalist, he started on its big run, and in this time Quqiubai was ordered to remain in Ruijin from the party and to start a guerrilla war. Finally, escaping himself from Ruijin, Quqiubai went toward the place to be arrested and be executed on June, 1935 by the Nationalist Party.
The texts mainly treated by this paper wereLuxun-Quqiubai’s 〈Coauthorized Miscellanies〉written when he lived a secluded life by the help of Luxun in Sanghai and 《The Superfluous Words(多餘 的話)》written before being executed by the Nationalist Party. This paper traced the mental trajectory at the final moment of Quqiubai’s life who was the representative intellectual and revolutionary from these two texts.
First, in Luxun-Quqiubai’s 〈Coauthorized Miscellanies〉text, he still sticked to his revolutionary position and challenges his criticism of intellectual used by the king with the techniques of satire.
Although he was running away from the Nationalist Party, he said as Luxun’s story embodied China’s “Revolutionary Tradition”, he was proceeding the strict criticism with the writing for the Anti-revolutionary forces. Although his run-away environment was psychologically very pressed, Quqiubai was putting the strict criticism to such antirevolutionary intellectual as the position of Luxun.
On the other hand, 《The Superfluous Words[多餘的話]》(1935)written before being executed by the Nationalist Party, he reflected on his role in the revolutionary history of China and confessed frankly his helplessness or limitations. Although he cannot be free from the root of the Gentleman’s class, he lead the Communist Party due to ‘the historical misconception’, but he did only confess that he did his role attributed by the history. Specially, he criticized that he could not be free from the past limit of gentleman’s limit about his identity as a ‘literary person(文人)’, while rather he had such a talent of literary man and from the inner side, he brought the identity conflict between the revolutionary and literary man. This paper traced his mind and inner contradiction of “literary man” who lived as a “revolutionary” like this through the case of Quqiubai. This paper found his merciless “self dissection” to recognize his limit of gentleman class in the case of Quqiubai, and his literature embodies well the “literary sublime” made by this self dissection. The final life sentence of Quqiubai was “This chinse Matou is so delicious. It is the best in the world.”, and from it could not we feel such a noble beauty? It is worth enjoying.

참고자료

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