南白月二聖의 창작 저변과 서사적 의의-『顯應錄』소재 曇翼傳과의 비교를 중심으로- (Creation Background and Narrative Significance of a Narrative “Nambaekweoliseong”)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 열상고전연구회
· 수록지 정보 : 열상고전연구 / 37호 / 509 ~ 534페이지
· 저자명 : 김승호

초록

『三國遺事』소재 南白月二聖 條에 대해서는 적지 않은 논의가 이루어졌음에도 선행 서사와의 관련성을 타진한 사례는 찾기 어려웠다. 본고는 이 작품이 출현하기까지에는 선행서사의 영향이 있었다고 보는 입장에서 동일 유형의 문헌설화를 범주화하고 이들과 남백월이성의 관련성 및 유사성을 살폈다. 이 작품의 출현에 직간접적 영향을 미친 문헌으로 『高僧傳』, 『法苑珠林』, 『顯應錄』, 『佛祖統紀』등 4편을 거론할 수 있다. 이중 『顯應錄』의 曇翼傳은 어느 작품보다 남백월이성의 창작적 전거의 역할을 했다고 보았는데 공히 ‘미녀의 修行僧 유혹’ 모티브를 수용하고 있을 뿐만 아니라 사건, 상황의 제시가 동일하며 수행승의 持戒的 면모를 극적 구성을 통해 선명히 부각시킨 점을 그 근거로 들었다. 아울러 본고는 선행서사를 넘어서 남백월이성이 나름의 서사적 변별성을 어떻게 확보했는지도 주목했다. 그 결과, 선행서사의 일인성도담 형식을 탈피하여 동반성불담으로 내용과 형식 측면에서 대대적인 변화가 일어났음을 밝혔다. 그리고 서사전개의 큰 틀이 바뀜으로써 나타난 인물기능적 변화에 대해 집중적으로 살펴보았다. 주제적 측면에서 선행담론이 持戒에 초점을 맞추었다면 남백월이성에서는 보살행을 강조했다 하겠는데 노힐부득과 달달박박의 동시 성불을 통해 주제를 극적으로 표출시킬 수 있었다. 요컨대 남백월이성은 관행을 따르기보다 기존 서사를 적극적으로 변개시키는 방법으로 성도담의 지평을 열어 놓았다 할 수 있다.

영어초록

There have been lots of discussions on a narrative “Nambackweoliseong,” which was included in the book “the Heritage of the Three States.” However, few studies have ever attempted to look for connections between it and earlier narratives. The purpose of this study was to categorize literature narratives of the same type and to examine the relationship and similarities between these narratives and the narrative “Nambaekweoliseong” on the assumption that the creation of this work would be under the influence of earlier narratives. Four literature narratives could be said to have a direct or indirect impact on the creation of this work: “Goseungjeon,” “Beopweonjurim,” “Hyeoneungrok,” and “Buljotonggi.” Specifically, the work “Hyeoneung- rok” seems to have affected this work more than any other work in that the motif of the work was a temptation of a Buddhist monk by a beautiful woman. In addition, the two works dealt with the same incidents in the same situations and dramatically highlighted the Buddhist monk's observance of the Buddhist commandments.
In this study, how the work “Nambaekweoliseong” was differentiated from earlier narratives was discussed. In this work, there was an attempt to make great changes in content and form by describing joint attainment of Buddhahood by two or more people, whereas Ilinseongdodam was dominant in earlier narratives. The paradigm shift of narrative development was followed by more narrative changes in diverse elements such as characters, narrative structure and style of writing. In terms of theme, earlier narratives focused on observance of the Buddhist commandments, but the author of this work concentrated his attention on bodhisattva(enlightenment-being)'s action and attaining Buddhahood. It's possible to accentuate the theme by describing the attainment of Buddhahood by Budeok and Daldal.
In a word, the work “Nambaekweoliseong” could be said to open a new chapter for Seongdodam by giving drastic changes to existing narratives instead of merely sticking to existing narrative practices. This study is of significance in that it attempted to look into the relationship between the work and earlier narratives to shed light on the creation background of it and its meaning in narrative literature from an objective perspective.

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