일본인과 ‘일본회귀’: 아사노 아키라(浅野晁)의 전향과 조선의 소거 (The ‘return to Japanese Nationalism’ (Nihon Kaiki) :Akira Asano’s act of tenkō and his suppression of his Korean culture)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 고려대학교 글로벌일본연구원
· 수록지 정보 : 일본연구 / 33호 / 79 ~ 106페이지
· 저자명 : 히로세 요이치

초록

本論の目的は日本人の「日本回帰」がどこへの回帰であるかを､<大東亜戦争>最大 のイデオローグとして活躍した文芸評論家·詩人の浅野晃を取りあげて論じたもの である｡ まず､浅野が1930年代に共産主義思想を放棄し､当時の日本でほぼ無名だった岡倉 天心を､<大アジア主義の先覚者>として創出していく過程を明らかにした｡その際､ 美術研究者や日本浪蔓派の同人たちの天心評価と比較することで､浅野が天心の「ア ジアは一つ」を､誰よりも単純な形で<大東亜戦争>の勝利を預言した言葉として読み かえることで､「日本回帰」したことを明らかにした｡ その上で浅野の「日本回帰」が､植民地朝鮮への視座の捨象と表裏一体の関係にある ことを､1942年におけるジャワでの体験や､天心と彼の師であるフェノロサの､朝鮮 の文化に対する評価の差異を通じて示し､朝鮮の消去が「日本回帰」の鍵になったこと を指摘した｡ 最後に､敗戦後に浅野を断罪した左翼的な日本人文学者も､朝鮮をはじめ植民地の 人々に対する蔑視観を引きずっている点を指摘し､韓国の転向や<親日>研究から日 本人研究者が学ぶ意義を訴えた｡

영어초록

The aim of this paper is to discuss the intellectual and spiritual site to which the Japanese reverted when they ‘returned to Japanese Nationalism’ (Nihon Kaiki) in the context of Akira Asano, the Japanese literary critic and poet who was the founder and primary proponent of the most significant nationalist ideology during the Greater East Asia War.
First, this paper describes the process of Asano abandoning his communist philosophy in the 1930s and of helping Tenshin Okakura, who was mostly unknown in Japan at that time, to become the pioneer of Pan-Asianism. By comparing this process with the views on Okakura of other art researchers and followers of the philosophy of Nihon Romanha, this paper also sheds light on how Asano achieved a ‘return to Japanese Nationalism’ by simply interpreting Okakura’s expression “Asia is one” as a prophecy of Japanese victory in the Greater East Asia War.
Based on Asano’s experiences on Java island in 1942, and on the differences between Okakura and his teacher Fenollosa’s views on Korean culture, this paper shows that Asano’s ‘return to Japanese Nationalism’ constituted the abandoning of his original views on Korea under Japanese rule. Furthermore, the forced assimilation and marginalisation of Korean culture became the key to Asano’s renewed Japanese nationalism. 　 Lastly, left-wing Japanese literary scholars, who condemned Asano after Japan lost the war, continue to look down on countries that were under Japanese rule, such as Korea. This paper challenges this perspective and offers reasons for Japanese researchers to learn more from Korean research on tenkō and from those who sympathize with Japan’s perspective.

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