1880년 『善騎隊軍案』의 기재 양식과 내용 분석 (Analysis of ‘Documentation format and Contents’ of the 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an(善騎隊軍案)』)

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초록

『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』 was created in 1880(17th year of King Gojong’s reign) as a list of soldiers put in Central army service. It is essentially an official material that lets us know the inner structure of the Seon’gi-dae unit.
But a comparison made with local army soldier lists, created between the 16th and 19th centuries, also reveals similarities and differences that existed between ‘Central capital soldier lists’ and ‘local region soldier lists’. 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』, and local regions’ soldier lists, share some similarities in terms of the documented information. Just like local soldier lists(including lists for the Sog’o-gun: 束伍軍) made in the 16·17·18·19th centuries, and navy lists created in the late 19th century. 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』 also documented soldier’s official duties, social status, name, age, county he was associated with, living address, height, and even whether or not he had a mustache and a scar. But it also had additional information, like the Ganji(干支) designation of the year he was born, name of his relatives, Ganji designation of the year and date he was transferred if he was, and the title of his former unit.
Also, in 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』 statistical information concerning selection/recruitment, age, number of soldiers/function/social status were classified by soldier’s official duties, and current addresses were all inserted as well. From 1874 till 1880, total of 402 soldiers were either selected or recruited. 220 souls were transferred in, while 177 of them were recruited, and 5 others were summoned through various occasions(bokib<卜入>1, gyeomyek<兼役>3, hyansok<還屬>1). The average enlistment age in the Seon’gi-dae unit was 17.4. Among them, 15 year-olds were 111, and formed the largest group in the unit. Major recruiting was implemented when additional units were newly organized, or a large number of soldiers were killed by contagious diseases. In 1880, when this 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』 was first created, various ages of individual soldiers ranged between 15 and 59, and with the exception of one individual whose age was never reported, the average age of the whole group was 26.6. Average age of the Commoners were around 23, while ‘Gyeomsabok(兼司僕)’ figures showed 35 and ‘Chulshin(出身)’ figures showed 48.
Number of soldiers were classified by soldier’s official duties as followis. 48 of them served as ‘Pyoha-gun(標下軍) soldiers(not counting headquarters’ Seojaji(書字的), Paedu(牌頭) and Bokma-gun(卜馬軍) figures),’ 7 Seojaji figures, 4 Paedu figures, 4 Bogma-gun figures, 3 In’gi-su(認旗手) figures, 3 Gosu(鼓手) figures, 9 Gichong(旗摠) figures, 27 Daechong(隊摠) figures, and 297 Daewon(隊員) figures. Seon’gi-dae(善騎隊) unit was in charge of guarding the king and protecting the palace. The Pyoha-gun soldiers served as assistants to the Byeol-jang(別將) and Seon’gi-jang(善騎將) officers. Seojaji figures were in charge of drafting documents while Bogma-gun soldiers were used in carrying freights. In’gi-su and Gosu figures were in charge of sending signals with flags and drums. Gichong, Paedu and Daechong figures also served as field commanders. The average age of the Bokma-gun soldiers was the lowest(23.3), and that of the Gichong figures were the highest(44). The former’s duties often involved employment of physical strength, so younger soldiers must have been used, while for the latter, which usually served in command, old and experienced personnel would have been undoubtedly favored. Among soldiers, there were 284 commoners, constituting the largest group inside, while 114 soldiers were from the Gyeomsabok category, and 4 from the Chulshin category. According to 『Chong’wiyeong-Sa’rye(總衛營事例)』 and the Hun’ryeon-Dogam(訓鍊都監) regulations, soldiers of Seon’gi-dae received every month “13 Du(斗) of rice and 9 Du of beans” ‘when they had a horse,’ and in case of ‘having no horse,’ “commoners received 9 Du of rice” while “Chulshin and Gyeomsabok figures received 12 Du of rice.” Among the 402 soldiers, 399 of them were living in the capital, while only 3 of them lived in the Gyeonggi(京畿) province. Because they were in charge of guarding the king and protecting the palace, they had to be mobilized fast, so people already living in the capital would have been considered as ideal (and viable) choices for recruitment. 203 soldiers were also living in the Dong-bu(東部: The eastern area), partially because the Dong-byeolyeong(東別營) of Hun’ryeon-Dogam, where the old Hun’ryeon-Dogam soldier who were also mostly transferred to the new Seon’gi-dae unit had been stationed, was originally on the east side of the capital. Heavy concentration of recruited soldiers in the capital’s east side was also because of the fact that the Muwi-so(武衛所) HQ, which was the senior entity of Seon’gi-dae, was established in the old Dong-byeolyeong, after it was moved to another location.

영어초록

『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』 was created in 1880(17th year of King Gojong’s reign) as a list of soldiers put in Central army service. It is essentially an official material that lets us know the inner structure of the Seon’gi-dae unit.
But a comparison made with local army soldier lists, created between the 16th and 19th centuries, also reveals similarities and differences that existed between ‘Central capital soldier lists’ and ‘local region soldier lists’. 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』, and local regions’ soldier lists, share some similarities in terms of the documented information. Just like local soldier lists(including lists for the Sog’o-gun: 束伍軍) made in the 16·17·18·19th centuries, and navy lists created in the late 19th century. 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』 also documented soldier’s official duties, social status, name, age, county he was associated with, living address, height, and even whether or not he had a mustache and a scar. But it also had additional information, like the Ganji(干支) designation of the year he was born, name of his relatives, Ganji designation of the year and date he was transferred if he was, and the title of his former unit.
Also, in 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』 statistical information concerning selection/recruitment, age, number of soldiers/function/social status were classified by soldier’s official duties, and current addresses were all inserted as well. From 1874 till 1880, total of 402 soldiers were either selected or recruited. 220 souls were transferred in, while 177 of them were recruited, and 5 others were summoned through various occasions(bokib<卜入>1, gyeomyek<兼役>3, hyansok<還屬>1). The average enlistment age in the Seon’gi-dae unit was 17.4. Among them, 15 year-olds were 111, and formed the largest group in the unit. Major recruiting was implemented when additional units were newly organized, or a large number of soldiers were killed by contagious diseases. In 1880, when this 『Seon’gi-dae Gun’an』 was first created, various ages of individual soldiers ranged between 15 and 59, and with the exception of one individual whose age was never reported, the average age of the whole group was 26.6. Average age of the Commoners were around 23, while ‘Gyeomsabok(兼司僕)’ figures showed 35 and ‘Chulshin(出身)’ figures showed 48.
Number of soldiers were classified by soldier’s official duties as followis. 48 of them served as ‘Pyoha-gun(標下軍) soldiers(not counting headquarters’ Seojaji(書字的), Paedu(牌頭) and Bokma-gun(卜馬軍) figures),’ 7 Seojaji figures, 4 Paedu figures, 4 Bogma-gun figures, 3 In’gi-su(認旗手) figures, 3 Gosu(鼓手) figures, 9 Gichong(旗摠) figures, 27 Daechong(隊摠) figures, and 297 Daewon(隊員) figures. Seon’gi-dae(善騎隊) unit was in charge of guarding the king and protecting the palace. The Pyoha-gun soldiers served as assistants to the Byeol-jang(別將) and Seon’gi-jang(善騎將) officers. Seojaji figures were in charge of drafting documents while Bogma-gun soldiers were used in carrying freights. In’gi-su and Gosu figures were in charge of sending signals with flags and drums. Gichong, Paedu and Daechong figures also served as field commanders. The average age of the Bokma-gun soldiers was the lowest(23.3), and that of the Gichong figures were the highest(44). The former’s duties often involved employment of physical strength, so younger soldiers must have been used, while for the latter, which usually served in command, old and experienced personnel would have been undoubtedly favored. Among soldiers, there were 284 commoners, constituting the largest group inside, while 114 soldiers were from the Gyeomsabok category, and 4 from the Chulshin category. According to 『Chong’wiyeong-Sa’rye(總衛營事例)』 and the Hun’ryeon-Dogam(訓鍊都監) regulations, soldiers of Seon’gi-dae received every month “13 Du(斗) of rice and 9 Du of beans” ‘when they had a horse,’ and in case of ‘having no horse,’ “commoners received 9 Du of rice” while “Chulshin and Gyeomsabok figures received 12 Du of rice.” Among the 402 soldiers, 399 of them were living in the capital, while only 3 of them lived in the Gyeonggi(京畿) province. Because they were in charge of guarding the king and protecting the palace, they had to be mobilized fast, so people already living in the capital would have been considered as ideal (and viable) choices for recruitment. 203 soldiers were also living in the Dong-bu(東部: The eastern area), partially because the Dong-byeolyeong(東別營) of Hun’ryeon-Dogam, where the old Hun’ryeon-Dogam soldier who were also mostly transferred to the new Seon’gi-dae unit had been stationed, was originally on the east side of the capital. Heavy concentration of recruited soldiers in the capital’s east side was also because of the fact that the Muwi-so(武衛所) HQ, which was the senior entity of Seon’gi-dae, was established in the old Dong-byeolyeong, after it was moved to another location.

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