1920-30년대금성은행의 여신및 투자업무 (The Loan and Investment Business of Kum sung Bank in 1920-30s)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 호남사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 역사학연구 / 78호 / 159 ~ 191페이지
· 저자명 : 임지환

초록

1920-30년대 금성은행의 여신업무는 빠른 속도로 발전을 거듭했다. 금성은행의 여신업무가 그처럼 빠른 속도로 성장을 할 수 있었던 것은 수신업무의 활성화에 성공을 이루었다는 점, 정부와의 여수신업무의 확대를 통해 정부의존적인 은행성장의 전략을 구사했던 점, 그리고 산업계에 금융자금을 침투시켜 지속적인 이윤추구를 시도해갔던 점으로 요약할 수 있다금성은행은 부실기업의 인수 합병, 유망기업에 대한 투자를 통해 대주주로서 지속적인 이윤의 창출, 그리고 은행 산하에 직접 기업을 설립하여 새로운 이윤창출을 시도했다. 그러나 금성은행의 이러한 시도는 결국 대출방식의 왜곡을 초래하여 산업계 전반이 그 피해를 감수해야 하는 결과를 가져오도록 했다 이러한 의미에서 1920-30년대 금성은행의 대출업무에 대해서는 긍정적인 평가보다는 부정적인 면이 많았다고 할 수 있다.

영어초록

The Kumsung bank could grow its banking business rapidly in 1920-30s. In the growth of banking business, receiving and extending business play a very important. role in revalitalizing the banking business. The main causes that made it possible for a loan business of Kumsung bank to be revalitalize can be summarize as follow: first, Kumsung bank could effectively absorb a large amount of silver that began to be focused on the Chinese coastal area in 1930s. Kumsung band could expand the loan business by relying on the abundant deposits. Second, Kumsung bank could expand its loan business by loaning a large amount of banking fund to the governmental offices in high interest rate. Everytime Chinese government issued the public bonds for the purpose of resorving the financial deficiency of governmant, Kumsung bank took a positive and active attitude to cooperate with the finacaial policy of Chinese government. Third, Kumsung bank took the policy to increase the banking profits by penetrating the bankfunds into the industrial world.
In 1930s, Chinese economic recess cause Kumsung bank to take the banking policy to penetrate the banking funds into industrial world as a mean of making a profit in the extreme economic recess. Kumsung bank had invested a large amount of banking fund on the large size entrerprise to meddle in the management of enterprise as a main share holder. Besides, Kumsung bank tried to expand its financial influence over the industrial world by controling the management of inslovent enterprise through mergers and acquisitions, or establiinged the enterprise under the supervision of bank in order to make a profit.
Kumsung bank could succeed in coming up with the banking growth in economic redess in 1930s by penetrating banking funds into the industrial world, its loan business teended to be parcially done to maximize its profit. In other words, Kumsung bank loaned its banking funds, centering on the special enterprises that had deepl relation with Kumsung bank, such as enterprisees that Kumsung bank was registered as main shatr holder by investing a large amount of banking fund, enterprises mergered by Kumsung bank, and enterprises established by Kumsung banking. The banking business of Kumsung bank had to be criticized in indulging in seeking for private interest of bank without regard of public good.

참고자료

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