결혼이주여성의 선별적 편입과 배제 그리고 유교적 공존의 가능성 (A Study on Selective Integration and Exclusion of Female Marriage Immigrants and the Possibility of Coexistence from Confucian Perspective)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 신라대학교 여성문제연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 젠더와 사회 　 / 1권 / 25호 / 81 ~ 101페이지
· 저자명 : 임경희

초록

본 연구는 한국에 사는 결혼이주 여성들이 선별적 편입과 배제를 경험하고 있다는 문제를제기하면서, 결혼이주여성에 대한 선별적 편입과 배제가 우리에게 익숙한 근대적 세계관의발로이자 또 다른 결과물임을 밝힌다. 그리고 이를 위한 해결방안을 근대적 세계관의 모순을극복하고 유교에서 그 답을 찾아보려는 시도에서 출발한다. 결혼이주 여성들은 한국사회를자신의 꿈과 생존을 이룰 수 있는 제 2의 삶의 터전으로 기대하면서 이주해 오고 있지만사회적으로는 이주민에 대한 법제도적인 한계, 다수 시민의 소수 인종에 대한 차별, 새로편입된 가족 내의 어려움을 겪으면서 선별적 편입과 배제를 경험하고 있다. 이 글은 현재한국에 거주하는 결혼이주여성의 선별적 편입과 배제의 현주소를 결혼을 통해서 형성된 가족구성원으로서의 가정문제와, 공동체 통합에 따르는 문제를 중심으로 살펴보았다. 또한 우리사회의 낮은 다문화 감수성으로 인해 결혼이주여성들과 자녀들은 이들을 ‘구별’하고 ‘타자화’, ‘대상화’함으로써 ‘낙인 효과’로 인하여 자존감과 정체성에 대한 문제를 경험한다. 여기서는왜 이들에게 이러한 선별적 배제와 이중적 배제가 일어나는 가에 대한 원인을 근대적세계관으로살펴보았다. 가장 중요하고 강력한 힘은 우리 일상생활과 삶에 여전히 작동하고 있는 도구화근대화된 유교적 인식, ‘혈통에 대한 인식, 대상 집단이 갖는 도구적 효용성 여부, 부계혈통중심가부장적 인식’의 이분법적 발현으로 요약될 수 있다. 그리고 이들과 함께 공존할 이상적공동체의 가능성을 근대화 과정에서 제도화되기 이전의 유교적 세계관을 중심으로 모색하였다.
유교의 세계관은 결혼이주여성과 우리와 ‘관계 맺음의 틀’을 설정해 줄 뿐 아니라 그들과 ‘함께공존의 가능성’을 살펴보는데 많은 유용성을 제공한다. 유교적가치관에 입각한 새로운 다문화사회는 조화, 균형의 어울림과 관용을 바탕으로 리일분수설에 기초한 공존의 방식이어야 한다.

영어초록

Female marriage immigrants are integrated into Korean society on a selective basis or are excluded from it. The selective integration and exclusion of female marriage immigrants are the manifestation of Korean people’s modern world view, and they are the consequences of it at the same time. This study made an attempt to overcome the contradiction of such a modern world view and to find a solution in Confucianism. Female marriage immigrants expect Korean society to become a place for them to rebuild their lives in pursuit of their dream when they decide to immigrate to Korea. In fact, however, they face difficulties due to the limitations of the legal system and discrimination against minorities, and they have another difficulties in the families into which they are newly incorporated. In a word, they are incorporated into Korean society on a selective basis or are excluded from it. In this study, the state of the selective integration and exclusion of female marriage immigrants was investigated.
Especially, family problems that they faced as new members of the families into which they were incorporated through marriage were analyzed, and another problems that took place in the course of their integration into Korean community were analyzed as well. Female marriage immigrants are mostly foreign women who have married Korean men of the disadvantaged class, and their social status are consequently low. They are responsible for child rearing, all the household chores, taking care of their husbands and parents-in-law and even part of farming. It’s no longer possible to expect Korean women to comply with traditional androcentric culture, and foreign brides or daughters-in-law are forced to do that, instead. The poor multicultural sensitivity of Korean society results in distinguishing female marriage immigrants and their children, viewing them as the other and objectifying them, which contributes, in turn, to producing labelling effects and undermining their self-esteem and identity.
Next, the reason that such selective integration and exclusion occurred was analyzed from a perspective of modern world view. There were several primary causes for that: deep-rooted, modernized Confucian awareness, emphasis of parentage, doubt about the instrumental utility of the objectified group, and the dichotomous manifestation of patriarchal culture. Finally, whether it would be possible to create an ideal community in which Korean people and female marriage immigrants could live together was explored from a perspective of the world view of original Confucianism that wasn’t yet institutionalized by modernization. How to create the kind of community that female marriage immigrants could share their lives with Korean people was discussed from a viewpoint of Confucian world view, which provides “a framework of relationship building” for female marriage immigrants and Koreans and makes it possible to explore “the possibility of coexistence between the two.” A new multicultural society that is built on Confucian values should be harmonious, balanced and tolerant enough to ensure coexistence based on LiYiFenShuSue.

참고자료

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